Black Feminist Voices in Politics

INDEX

INDEX Activism: black female, 1, 2, 10; civil rights, 3; commitment to, 123; feminist, 70; grassroots, 1, 2, 20, 96, 129, 134; integration in daily living, 22; intellectual, 66, 87; political, 11, 24, 65, 87, 89; triggered by hardship, 66; unrecognized , 10 Affirmative action, 73, 74, 90; gender /race identity and, 38 Africana womanism, 130, 131 Age: black feminist consciousness and, 16; as determinate of feminist support, 70, 82, 83tab, 86tab; political participation and, 99, 149tab, 150tab Alexander-Floyd, Nikol, 11 American Association of University Women, 116 American National Election Studies (1972–1976), 59 American Political Science Association, 137 Analysis items and themes: ADDRESS ALL DISCRIMINATION, 45, 47tab, 48, 53, 53tab, 54, 54tab, 55tab, 81, 103, 145tab, 146tab; BLACK WOMEN LEADERSHIP , 46, 47tab, 53, 53tab, 54, 54tab, 55tab, 81, 103, 145tab, 146tab; BOTH MOVEMENTS, 45, 47tab, 48, 52, 53, 53tab, 54, 54tab, 55tab, 57, 58, 82, 103, 145tab, 146tab; COLLECTIVE ACTION ORIENTATION, 103, 110tab; on determinates of feminist support, 144–152; FEMINIST HELP COMMUNITY, 46, 47tab, 53, 53tab, 54, 54tab, 55tab, 81, 103, 145tab, 146tab; gender equality in black community , 45, 46; of impact of black feminist consciousness on political behavior, 144–152; of independent variables, 82–87; intersectionality, 45; LINKED FATE WITH BLACK WOMEN, 46, 47tab, 53, 53tab, 54, 54tab, 55n, 55tab, 82, 103, 145n, 145tab, 146n, 146tab; MORE WOMEN CLERGY, 10, 11, 35, 46, 47tab, 53, 53tab, 54, 54tab, 55n, 55tab, 56, 81, 103, 145tab, 146n, 146tab; POWER DISCONTENT , 104, 110tab; predictive factors, 47tab; predictive validity and, 49; SYSTEM BLAME, 103, 110tab; variables defined, 157–158 Anderson, Kristi, 68 Andrews, William, 63, 66 Angus, Campbell, 97, 100 Anthony, Susan B., 3, 21, 42, 43 Antislavery movements, 2 Ardrey, Saundra, 128 Avery, William, 33 185 Awareness: acute sense of, 2, 8; racial, 33, 48 Baker, Phyllis, 74, 75 Banaszak, Lee Ann, 68, 69, 70 Barker, Lucius, 33 Barrett, Edith, 95 Baxter, Sandra, 33, 95, 128 Beckwith, Karen, 100, 101, 109 Behind the Mule: Race and Class in African-American Politics (Dawson), 28, 34 Benjamin, Lois, 74, 75 Bernstein, Robert, 107 Black Panther Party, 12 BlackVisions (Dawson), 4 Bogle, Donald, 72 Bohmer, Susanne, 74 Boundaries of Blackness (Cohen), 31 Bowen, William, 73 Brady, Henry, 115 Brotz, Howard, 21 Brown, Ronald, 6, 7 Browne, Irene, 9, 76 Burroughs, Nannie Helen, 13, 119–121, 137 Busing: gender/race identity and, 38; political participation and, 113 Butler, Judith, 30 Calhoun-Brown, Allison, 98, 115 Carby, Hazel, 20, 21 Carey, Addison, 33 Carroll, Susan, 109 Catt, Carrie Chapman, 21 Church, black: gender equality and, 77, 78; importance as social institution , 56, 57; male domination in, 57, 77, 78; role in inhibiting development of feminist consciousness , 56, 61, 126; sexism in, 57, 77, 78; teaching of gender inequality in, 56, 57, 77, 78; validation of patriarchy by, 10, 35 Civil Rights Bill (1875), 19 Civil rights movement, 3, 10, 11, 64, 135, 139; black women’s participation in, 32, 33; women shunned as representatives of, 112 Clark, Cal, 109 Clark, Janet, 109 Class: everyday experiences of, 11; exploitation, 9, 56, 84, 89; identity, 85; internal political efficacy and, 28; political orientation differences, 28 Classism, 10 Clawson, Rosalee, 28 Coalitions: with black men, 13; building of, 11, 13; multi-racial, 4, 129; women’s, 122 Cohen, Cathy, 31, 95 Collier-Thomas, Bettye, 135 Collins, Patricia, 4, 8, 10, 11, 17, 25, 26, 32, 33, 39, 60, 64, 65, 70, 71, 72, 76, 112, 124 Community, black: assertions of black masculinity in, 12; benefits of feminism to, 11; black feminist consciousness and, 98; gender inequality in, 10; hierarchy of interests in, 5, 12, 27, 52, 58; political alliances and, 66; race prioritized over gender in, 12, 77 Conover, Pamela, 12, 22, 23, 26, 123, 124 Consciousness: double, 8, 29, 30, 31; effect of multiple group identity on, 37; feminist, 24–27; genderrelated , 24–27, 98, 124; integration into daily living, 22; of race, 31; raising, 70, 96; structural/ demographic determinants of, 68 Consciousness, black feminist, 24–27. See also Analysis items and themes; Feminism, black; age and, 16, 70, 82, 83tab, 86tab, 87; alternative approaches in, 133–136; benefit to black com186 Index munity of, 98, 122; changes in gender responses to over long term, 140–155; conceptualization of, 15, 21; concrete experiences and, 14; daily encounters with oppression and, 70; defining, 9–11; determinants of, 16, 63–91, 159–161; development of, 14; differing components across gender in, 41–62; dimensionality of, 16; distinct...