Earnings from Learning: The Rise of For-Profit Universities

Illustrations

Illustrations FIGURES 6.1 Total Costs of Online Instruction Over Time, for a Given Course Section, and Per Student 128 8.1 Number of Higher Education Institutions Using Lobbyists 176 8.2 Number of Academic Earmarks 176 8.3 Amount of Academic Earmarks 177 8.4 Lobbying Expenditures: Top 15 Education Organizations (2003) 177 8.5 Higher Education-related Campaign Contributions 179 8.6 Top 15 Higher Education Campaign Contributors: 2003–2004 Election Cycle Percentage of Total Contributed by Democrats (Above Bar) 179 8.7 Contributions from Top Ten Education PACs: 2003–2004 Election Cycle 180 8.8 Apollo Group Campaign Contributions Percantage of Total Contributed to Democrats (Above Bar) 181 8.9 Education Soft Money: 2001–2002 Election Cycle Percentage Contributed to Republicans (Above Bar) 181 8.10 Top Education PAC Contributions to Legislators 2004 182 8.11 Aggregate State Support for Higher Education 186 vii 8.12 Lobby Expenditures: Education Lobby (2000) 188 8.13 Key Education PACs: 2003–2004 Election Cycle 189 TABLES 1.1 Title IV Postsecondary Institutions by Control, Academic Year 2002–03 7 1.2 Trends in BA Degrees Awarded by Institution Type 8 1.3 Trends in MA Degrees Awarded by Institution type 9 3.1 Distribution of Degrees and Certificates Awarded by Control of Institution, 2000–2001 Academic Year 55 3.2 Distribution of Federal Student Aid by Institution Control, 2000–01 56 3.3 Distribution of Pell Grant Expenditures and Recipients by Type of Student and Control, 2002–2003 57 3.4a Distribution of Associate Degrees Awarded by Control of Institution and Field, 2000–2001 Academic Year 60 3.4b Distribution of BA Degrees Awarded by Control of Institution and Field, 2000–2001 Academic Year 61 3.5 Enrollment of Public and For-Profit Institutions and Population Growth, 1995–2000 63 5.1 Enrollments and Individual Public AUSS Member Institutions: Summer 2003 97 viii ILLUSTRATIONS ...