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559 Index of Subjects Achaia, xx–xxi; boundary with Arkadia, 175; dēmoi of, 47; double citizenship in, 341; epoikoi of, 262; ethnic groups of, 47, 48–49, 51, 63, 395; expulsion of Ionians from, 194, 195, 202; federalism of, 3, 327, 345; group identity in, 176, 177; maritime trade of, 275; in Peloponnesian War, 50–51; politicization of communities in, 202; religious communities of, 157, 202; synoikoi of, 262; urbanization in, 3, 48, 173, 217n261. See also coinage, Achaian; districts, Achaian; koinon, Achaian Achaia, archaic, 48; dedications at Olympia, 204; oligarchs of, 75, 76; during Persian Wars, 47; political institutions of, 49 Achaia, classical: conflict with Aitolia, 62–63; control of Kalydon, 62, 102, 184, 286, 341, 402, 403; organization of communities in, 46; political institutions of, 58; pro-Spartan policies of, 58; stasis in, 75 Achaia, Hellenistic: alliance with Boiotian koinon, 104; alliance with Rome, 122, 125, 127, 350–51; conflict with Aitolia, 104, 116–22, 299–301; conflict with Sparta, 124n205, 131–32, 133–34; eisphora in, 301–2; integration processes of, 361–62; in Macedonian Wars, 123–24; manpower problems in, 260; poleis’ role in, 348; in Social War, 91, 116–22, 299; stability of, 396; symbolon with Athens, 140 Achaia, Phthiotic, 362n150; proxeny decree for, 494–95 Achaians: ethnic identity of, 47, 48–49, 51, 63, 395; Homeric, 48, 176, 197, 202, 402 Achelöos River, 318, 382, 383, 501 Aegean War, 61 Aemilius Paulus, Lucius, 138n28 Aeschines, 85, 292n200 Agasikles (son of Pagondas): Daphnephoria honoring, 160–61, 193; family of, 161, 162–63 Agathokles (archon ofBoiotian koinon), 306n252 Agelaos of Naupaktos, 122 Ager, S., 316n286 Agesilaos (king of Sparta), 70, 193; attack on Thebes, 69; in Corinthian War, 62, 64; and King’s Peace, 65; sacrifice at Aulis, 198n194, 394n282 Agis (king of Sparta): reforms of, 105n86, 369; revolt of, 89n182 agonarchs, Boiotian, 268–69 agoranomoi (magistrates), 268–69 Agrai, 318; in Aitolian koinon, 382–83; dispute with Stratos, 319 Agraioi (Aitolians), 55; in Akarnanian-Aitolian alliance, 498; Spartan alliance with, 487 agriculture: Boiotian, 273, 306; extractive techniques for, 307. See also pastoralism, Greek Page references in italics refer to illustrations. 9780520272507_PRINT.indd 559 9780520272507_PRINT.indd 559 03/05/13 4:42 PM 03/05/13 4:42 PM 560 Index of Subjects 214; transportation of goods in, 280n158; unification of, 204; unwalled villages of, 55; urbanization in, 3, 77–78, 277, 279; water resources of, 277n147. See also coinage, Aitolian; districts, Aitolian; economy, Aitolian; koinon, Aitolian Aitolia, archaic: animal husbandry in, 178; in Homeric Catalogue of Ships, 76n107; religious activity in, 177; script of, 181 Aitolia, classical: allegiance to Athens, 77; Athenian invasion of, 53, 54, 55–57, 286, 288; conflict with Achaia, 62–63; Demosthenes’ invasion of, 343–44, 483; in Elian war, 59n1; embassies to Alexander, 88–89, 92; embassy to Spartans, 89n179; endogenous changes in, 491; ethnic groups of, 382n232; expulsion of Achaians from, 75, 76; Messenian and Naupaktian attacks on, 52; military cooperation in, 402; political institutions of, 58; promanteia grant to, 89; pro-Spartan policies of, 58; seizure of Molykreion, 56; treaty with Sparta, 53, 56, 483–88 Aitolia, Hellenistic: Areus’s campaign against, 98; attack on Agrinion, 94; colony at Same, 114; conflict with Achaia, 104, 116–22, 299–301; expansion of, 318; following battle of Krannon, 92; foreigners resident in, 262; Gallic invasion of, 211; influence in Peloponnese, 104, 105; institutions of, 344; occupation of Parnassos, 92n8; Philip V’s invasion of, 122–28, 288; presence at Delphi, 97, 100, 211, 212–14; relationship with Attalos, 115–16, 123; relationship with Knossos, 115; relationship with Rome, 15, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129–31, 253n59; representation on amphiktyonic council, 99–100, 359, 360; sack of Athena Itonia sanctuary, 118n164; sacred war against, 99 Aitolia, modern: economy of, 278, 283; market networks of, xxv, 281–83; resource complementarity in, xxiv, 278–81 Aitolians, hatred of Naupaktians, 52 Aitolos (son of Endymion): cult statue of, 203, 204; dedications to, 205; genealogy of, 204n220 Akanthos: dispute with Apolloniates, 314; political independence for, 325; resistance to Chalkideis, 237, 267 Akarnania: Achaian invasion of, 62; autonomy of, 287; boundary with Aitolia, 318; coinage of, 253, 283; isopoliteia grants to, 361; partitioning of, 381, 501; treaty with Aitolia, Agrinion: Aitolian attack on, 94; boularch from, 381; coin hoards from, 277, 383; exchange network of, 282, 283; market at, 282 Agron (king of Illyria), 108 Aigai (Achaia): abandonment of, 322; coinage of, 251, 322; synoikism with Aigion, 322 Aigai (Aiolis): agreement with Olympos, 245...

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