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Acknowledgments A work of scholarship is inevitably a collaborative endeavor; here, I would like to acknowledge the people who made the most significant contributions to my research over the past decade. I am most indebted to Jim Reichert, my dissertation adviser at Stanford University , who was a wonderful mentor throughout my graduate studies. I would also like to thank Peter Duus and Miyako Inoue, who challenged me with the broader perspectives of their respective disciplines and helped me to approach my project from an interdisciplinary viewpoint. Susan Matisoff and Tom Hare were both exacting teachers who inspired in me a deep love for Japanese literature and for the craft of translation. During my last years at Stanford, I was greatly stimulated by the critical comments from Kären Wigen and Steven Carter. Throughout my years as a graduate student, I had the good fortune to be surrounded by friends with whom I have shared both ideas and laughs. I would especially like to thank Julia Bullock, Claire Cuccio, Michael Foster, Mark Gibeau, David Gundry, Shu Kuge, Miri Nakamura, Christopher Scott, Ethan Segal, Roberta Strippoli, Daniel Sullivan, and Michiko Suzuki. In Japan, I had the honor of working with Kawamura Minato, a scholar at Hōsei University who has almost single-handedly created the field of Japanese colonial literature studies. Professor Kawamura offered me access to his book collection from the colonial period and shared with me his extensive understanding of the field. I would also like to express my appreciation to Professors Araki Masazumi and Yoshihara Yukari for inviting me to take part in the Critical Culture Research Group at Tsukuba University. Through my regular participation in this group, I met and exchanged ideas with many young Japanese, Taiwanese, and Korean scholars ix and had a chance to present my own research to this exacting group. I would particularly like to thank Hibi Yoshitaka, Saitō Hajime, Washitani Hana, and Wu Peichen for their encouragement and advice. As a graduate student at Stanford University, I received financial support from the Department of Asian Languages, the Center for East Asian Studies, and the Institute for International Studies. I began to conceive of my dissertation project during one year at Shizuoka University on a generous fellowship from the Shizuoka Prefecture. I conducted most of my archival research at Hōsei University with support from the Department of Education and the Fulbright Foundation. At the University of Illinois, I received a Mellon Foundation Grant for Junior Faculty in 2006– 7, which released me from teaching responsibilities for one semester and enabled me to turn my dissertation into a book manuscript. From 2008 to 2009, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) provided financial support for me to spend a year in Japan. I would like to thank the Department of Comparative Cultures at the University of Tsukuba for hosting me during the period that I was revising the final manuscript. Since I began to teach at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, I have been fortunate to be surrounded by colleagues with whom I can exchange ideas. I would especially like to thank Nancy Abelman, Nancy Blake, Marilyn Booth, David Goodman, Wail Hassan, Karen Kelsky, Sho Konishi, Elizabeth Oyler, Dan Shao, Ron Toby, and Hairong Yang for their warm support and friendship. I would also like to express my gratitude to the following individuals who commented on earlier versions of my work, whether conference presentations or drafts of articles: Paul Barclay, Leo Ching, Kim Kono, Helen Lee, Michele Mason, Ann Sokolsky, and Mariko Tamanoi. I would like to thank Naomi Kotake at the Stanford University East Asian Library and Setsuko Noguchi at the University of Illinois for their assistance in finding my way through Japanese source materials. I must thank Reed Malcolm, editor at the University of California Press, and Tak Fujitani, editor of its Asian Pacific Modern series, for their faith in my project and their patience; two anonymous readers for UC Press provided invaluable suggestions to improve my manuscript. I am deeply indebted to Jacqueline Volin and Andrew Frisardi, whose informed and careful editing of my manuscript has made my prose more readable. I am also grateful to Daniel Sullivan, who proofread the book. I would also like to express my appreciation to Deng Xiang Yang, who provided me the photograph of the second Musha Incident that appears on this book’s cover. Chapters 2 and 4 of this book are expanded versions of my articles “Ethnography, Borders, and...

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