Disease Change and the Role of Medicine: The Navajo Experience

Index

Index Abortion, 59-60 Accidents, 65, 66, 180 by automobile, 6, 99-103 fatal, 4-5, 100-101, 196 Acculturation, 12, 111, 178 and stress, 10, 98, 101 Age of degenerative disease, 9 famine, 9 man-made disease, 9 pestilence, 9 receding pandemics, 9 Alcohol. Seealso Cirrhosis of the liver abuse, 6 as disease concept, 183 and hypertension, 97 treatment programs, 183 use, 186 and vehicle accidents, 100—101 Anemia, 88-90 Apaches children, tuberculin-positive (1913), 72 Chiricahua, 123 Jicarilla, 15, 17-20, 22 Mescalero, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20, 22 San Carlos, 13, 15, 19, 20 White Mountain, 13, 15, 19, 20 Appendectomy, 169,172, 173 and age,172 and sex, 172 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination, 74, 75 BCG. See Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Bear sickness, 132 Beauty Way chant, 134 Behavior, Type A, 98 Biplot analysis, 16, 18, 19, 34, 35 of economic variables, 50 of hospital use,176 of human dependency surveydata, 36 mathematics of, 199 of mortality variables, 111 Blood pressure, 97 Bone-setting, 141 Bosque Redondo incarceration of Navajos, 28 Butterfly people, 124 Cancer, 65 Canyon de Chelly, 26 Capitalism, industrial, 3 Cauterization, 141 Carson, Kit. See Kit Carson Cash. See Income data Chant for curing illness Beauty Way, 134 Coyote Way, 132, 13 Earth Way, 134 Evil Way, 124, 132, 1 Flint Way, 134 Frenzy Witchcraft Way, 134 Hand trembling Way, 132, 13 Life Way, 134 Moth Way, 132, 134 Mountain Way, 132, 13 Night Way, 133, 134 Plume Way, 132, 134 Shooting Way, 132 -134 Sucking Way, 123 Wind Way, 133, 134 Chiricahua Apaches, 123 Cholesterol, 97 Cholecystectomy, 169-172 and age,171 and sex,171 Christianity, 120, 18 missionary, 122 222 / Index Cirrhosis of the liver, 24, 196 alcohol-related, 103-105 Colorado River Reservation, 40—43 Comanches, 120 Contraception, 58-60, 184 Coyote ghost, 124 Coyote Way chant, 132,134 Dawn boy, 124 Dawn girl, 124 Death. See Mortality Diarrhea, 65. Seealso Gastroenteritis Disease. See also individual diseases classified, 132 condition as, 4 degenerative, 3, 9 infectious, 1—3, 8—9 man-made, 3, 9 susceptibility to, 11 Western, 4 Earth Way chant, 134 Eclampsia, 87-88 Ecological fallacy, 193-194 Education, listed, 22 Elderly, hospitalization of, 166, 185 Emetic, 141 Epidemic disease, 8—9 decline of, 1—3 and population increase, 8 Evil Spirit, 127, 128 Evil Way chant, 124, 132,134 Fall, fatal, 196 Fallacy, ecological, 193—194 Fertility, 8-25, 54-60 control of, 58-60, 184 Flint Way chant, 134 Fort Hall. See Shoshone-Bannocks Frenzy witchcraft, 125,126 and datura plant concoction, 126 Frenzy Witchcraft Way chant, 134 Gallbladder disease, 97, 170. See also C holecystectomy Gastritis. See Gastroenteritis Gastroenteritis, 65, 66, 86 fatal, 196 Germ theory of disease, 186 political preconceptions, of, 187 Gila monster, mythical, 124 Hand trembling, 133 Hand Trembling Way chant, 132, 134 Havasupais, 28 Health care utilization, 201 Heart disease, 65, 95-98 Hemorrhage, 89-91 Homicide, 105-107 Hopi, 10, 15, 17-22, 28, 79 census of, 1900,29 children's health, 80 and cirrhosis of the liver,alcoholic, 24 and diarrhea in children, 86 practitioner, 144 and smallpox, 32 and tuberculosis (1913-1920), 71 unsanitary conditions of, 32 and water qualityimprovement, 86 witches, 143 Hospital admissions and death (1916— 1920), 200-201 and childbirth, 164 diagnoses, 156—160 discharges, 161 distance from 164,167 elderly in, 166, 185 and employment/education status, 164, 167 for Indians, 146 mortality and admissions (1916— 1920), 200-201 for Navajos, listed, 147 nurse shortage, 158 nursing staff (1950- 1978), 159 occupancy rate, 155 as place to die, 150 as place not to die, 164 records, 189 social function of, 164 stay, 156-158 surgery, 169 utilization (1940-1979), 153, 154 163, 176-178, 185 Hyosciamine, 126 Hypertension, 97 Hypertrophy, left ventricular, 98 Hysterectomy, 169, 173-175, 184 abdominal, 174 and age,173 Index I 223 and uterine prolapse, 175 vaginal, 174 Hysteria, 124 Incest father-daughter, 125 sibling, 124,133 Income data (1959-1974), 22,49-51 biplot, 50 of Navajos, 31, 44 Indian affairs anthropological approach to,148, 149 in Department of the Interior, 146 and health, 146 Hoover Commission Report (1957), 150-152 Krug Report (1948), 40, 41 Meriam Report (1928), 146 in Public Health Service (1955), 152 Indian Health Care Improvement Act, 48 Indian reservations, listed, 13, 17. See also Navajos, reservation Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (1975), 47 Indian tribes. See individual tribes Infant mortality...