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Index Key Entries: with pertinent subtopics listed Afforestation Agriculture Commoner forest use Daimyo Deforestation Exploitation forestry Forest administration Political process Regenerative forestry Urban forest use Use rights Villages and woodland Afforestation: ancient, 28, 32; medieval, 48; early modern, 5, 94, 100, 109, 149, 167-169.See also Cuttings; Plantation forestry; Regenerative forestry; Rental forestry; Seedlings; Silviculture Agriculture: ancient, 9—10; medieval, 34-37, 39~4°> 42 , 47; early modern, 97. See also Animals; Commoner forest use; Irrigation; Land opening; Slashand -burn; Soil; Wildfire Aizu-Wakamatsu, 64, 90, 158—159 Akita: afforestationin, 131—132, 138; controlling forests in, 89, 141, 157; deforestation in, 69, 74, 230n. 80; Hideyoshi and, 57-61; shared-yield forests in, 164—165 Amagi, Mount. SeeIzu Animals: domesticated, 10, 35, 49, 122, 186-188; wild, 36, 187.See alsoAgriculture Aoyama Zen'uemon, 161-162 Asaijunko, 207 Buwakebayashi. See Shared-yield forest Charcoal: controlling production of, 99, 1 08- 110, 152-153; and coppice, 1 06, 120; fostering production of, 128, 145; uses of, 9, 22-23, 43-44, 8 5- Seealso Construction; Fuelwood Chiba Tokuji, 2 1 3 China: forests of, 44, 180, 2i6n.7; Hideyoshi and, 56-59, 67; early Japanese contacts with, 20, 23, 2i7-2i8n. 11, 2i8n. 12 City fires: Kamakura, 45; early modern, 67, 68, 147. See also Meireki fire Clear-cutting, 29, 57, 63, 68-69, 128 291 aga Index Commoner forest use: ancient, 1011 , 23—24, 220 n. 40; medieval, 35-37; eal "ly modern, 50-51, 85-86, 151-153, 231 n. 5. Seealso Agriculture; Communal land; Coppice; Fertilizer; Fodder; Fuelwood; Household land; Irrigation; Land opening; Slash-and-burn; Villages and woodland Communal land (iriai): medieval, 41-43; early modern, 87, 114, 150, 158-160, 163, 185; scholarship on, 192—193, 20 1, 210—21 1. See also Commoner forest use; Use rights Construction: ancient, 3, 10-20, 25, 2 17n. 7; medieval, 43-47; early modern, 52—54, 56—60, 62, 64-67. Seealso Urban forest use Coppice, 236 n. 10; ancient, 29— 30; medieval, 36, 40-41, 44, 49; early modern, 97, 106, 108, 120, 163. See also Commoner forest use; Fuelwood Cuttings: medieval, 48; early modern, 118—120, 123-124, 137—139, 169, 24on. 21. See also Afforestation; Plantation forestry; Seedlings; Silviculture Daimyo: forest administration by, 8 5>9!-93> H3. J 52, 157; in sixteenth century, 3, 38, 50, 5256 ; in seventeenth century, 6266 ; restricting consumption, 89— 90; tree planting by, 131-143, 148, 163— 168, 241 n. 27. See also Aizu-Wakamatsu;Akita; Hitoyoshi; Izu; Kanazawa; Kii; Kiso; Kumamoto; Maebashi; Matsumoto; Mito; Obi; Owase; Suwa; Takato; Tosa; Tsu; Tsugaru Dbh (diameter at breast height), 102, 234^46 Deforestation: ancient, u, 13, 16, 18, 24-33, 2i6n. 7; during Hideyoshi 's and leyasu's day, 50—54, 62-63; general periods of, 3-5, 9, 78; medieval, 34, 36, 45, 4849 ; in seventeenth century, 68— 78, 80, 93, 95, 104-105, 112114 , 149, 174-178, 230 n. 83. See also Clear-cutting; Erosion; Land opening; Slash-and-burn; Soil; Urban forest use;Wildfire Divided forest (wariyama), 158—161, 165, 185-186; scholarship on, 210—21 1, 243—244n. 16, 244n. 17. See also Commoner forest use; Regenerative forestry; Rental forestry Emperors and Empresses: Kammu, 14-15, 28; Kotoku, 13; Saimei, 17, 24; Shomu, 14, 1 6; Suiko, 13, 15, 17; Temmu, 26, 28; Tenchi, 13 Endo Jiichiro, 202 Endo Yasutaro, 194, 196, 200 Erosion: ancient, 11, 26, 29, 32; controlling erosion, 85, 93—97, 99, 158, 233n. 30; medieval, 36; early modern, 4, 51, 53-54, 174. See also Deforestation; Protection forests; Soil Exploitation forestry, 4, 47-49, 80, 148, 174, 190. See also Commoner forest use; Construction; Deforestation ; Forest administration Ezo. SeeHokkaido Famine: general, 187; Kan'ei famine, 94, 98 Fertilizer: medieval, 3, 11, 38, 4041 ; regulating use of, 86, 114, 151, 159; scarcity of, 51, 73, 156, 173; source material for, 35, 246 n. 4; sources of, 106, 158, 163, 172, 178, 187-188. See also Commoner forest use; Use rights [18.220.160.216] Project MUSE (2024-04-24 04:04 GMT) Index 293 Fodder: ancient, n, 28; medieval, 35, 41; early modern, 51, 73, 86, 1 14, 156, 178. See also Commoner forest use; Use rights Forest: ancient, 12, 30-32; defined, 2i7n.4; medieval, 36, 48-49; early modern, 80; modern, 6, 192-193, 2i5-2i6n.6 Forest administration: ancient, 2629 , 32; medieval, 38-43, 45; early modern, 5, 54-56, 60, 71, 231^3; as negative policy, 83-88, 91115...

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