Cicero's Use of Judicial Theater

General Index

187 General Index acting, actors: and oratorical performance , 2, 27–30, 85, 143–44 appeals, 1, 9–10, 11–13, 19, 57, 70–98, 115, 117, 131–32, 146, 149–51, 156 absence of, 31–32, 89, 121 criticism of, 10, 12, 33, 109–12, 142–43 and military commanders, 108 and political life, 17, 47–48, 50, 53, 64, 67–70, 98 planning of, 77–78, 148–49, 154 poor performance of, 131–32 and sordes, 41–42, 47–48, 53, 57–61 and tears, 104, 109–11, 113, 116, 119, 124, 126–27, 133, 142 terminology of, 65–66 See also entreaties; supplication Arginusae, 62 aristocrats in Rome comportment of, 7, 29, 31, 65, 108 funerals of, 14, 18, 134–40 and self–fashioning, 14–15, 48 and socialization, 18 Athenian courts, 6, 12–13, 62, 74, 99, 156 Atina, 55 Atticist/Asianist controversy, 24, 141 attire. See clothes; sordes audience: at trials, 11, 23–25, 28–30, 49, 82, 83, 106, 110, 123–24, 127, 152, 157 See also corona; jurors bandages: oratorical exploitation of, 129– 30, 146 bodyguards: oratorical exploitation of, 33–35, 55 breastplate: oratorical exploitation of, 35, 140 bulla: oratorical exploitation of, 37 Catilinarian conspiracy, 80, 84, 122 children: used as oratorical props, 1, 3, 8–10, 12–13, 17, 36–37, 80–86, 96, 121, 123, 146, 149, 150–51, 154, 157 absence of, 34 Cicero bases pleas around his own suffering, 83–85, 89–93, 97 disguises manipulative element of judicial theater, 143–44 exploits his exile as source of emotion, 114–16, 118–19, 120, 126–27 pre–trial planning of judicial theater, 77–78, 148–49, 154 skill in oratorical performance, 26–30, 154, 157 training in Asia, 26 clementia, 95–96 clothes: used in oratorical theatrics, 5, 12, 30–31, 37, 50, 59–60, 69, 108, 146, 155 Gallic dress, 56–57 military cloak, 51 toga praetexta, 36, 37, 46, 136 toga pulla, 41–42, 44, 51 tunic, 5–6, 19, 24, 42, 108 See also sordes comportment in court, 7–8, 25, 64–65, 155 contiones: and oratorical theatrics, 9, 15–18, 33, 52, 108, 134, 145, 147 corruption: judicial, 21, 125 corona, 23–25, 128 See also audience criticisms: of judicial theater, 10, 12, 33, 36, 99, 109–12, 141–44 crying. See tears dagger: oratorical exploitation of, 16, 35 declamation, 149–50 188 general index decline of oratory: supposed, 145 delivery, 125 Cicero’s supposed failures in, 154 intense style of, 108, 130 and populist oratory, 30–31 Quintilian on, 149–52 rhetorical theory of, 11–12, 145 and Roman stage, 27–30 variety of approaches to, 33, 152 deprecatio, 65–66, 95 deputations from towns: in judicial theater , 55, 86, 87 diplomats: and use of sordes, 55–56 dolor animi, 81, 121–22 electoral campaigns: and political theater, 14, 64–65, 98 eloquentia popularis, 7, 30–32, 36–37 See also genus populare dicendi embraces: in political and judicial theater, 17, 26, 38, 75–79, 81, 96, 114–16, 122, 132, 149, 155 emotional authenticity of orator, 112, 120, 126, 141–44, 151 emotional bond between advocate and defendant, 84, 85, 90–91, 107, 111–12, 143 See also obligation emotional contagion, 123–24 emperors: and administration of trials, 144–45 entreaties, 3, 7, 16–17, 32, 39, 52–53, 64–65, 71–74, 78–79, 81, 84, 87–88, 92–98, 110, 115, 121 See also appeals; supplication fallacy of conventionalization, 48, 63, 70, 157 family members in court, 12, 34–35, 36–37, 72, 77–86, 94, 97, 127, 132, 146, 149, 154, 159 family members not in court, 34–35, 86– 92, 117 father–figure: pose adopted by advocate, 113, 115–16 feuds: in Roman society, 8, 21, 44, 63 fig: used as oratorical prop, 8 forum: as venue of trials, 1, 13, 22–23, 29, 34–35, 55, 123, 130, 144–45 funerals: and political theater, 14, 18, 134–40 genus populare dicendi, 7, 30–32, 36–37 See also eloquentia popularis gestures: in judicial theater, 2–3, 11–12, 26–29, 31, 33, 75, 76, 78, 79, 81, 87, 88, 96–97, 138–39, 149, 151 invidia: and oratorical theatrics, 43, 119, 133–34, 147 judicial theater connection with Roman aristocratic life, 14–18, 35, 45–50, 61–63, 64–65, 106–7, 153–54, 158 continuity in, 146, 153 criticisms of, 10, 12, 33, 36, 99, 109–12, 141–44 definition of, 2 disdain for, 11, 32, 50, 152...