Dividing Lines: Class Anxiety and Postbellum Black Fiction

Index and Acknowledgments

213 index Abelmann, Nancy, 56, 190n7 “acting white,” 7, 43, 158 activism, 181 political, 73, 187n2, 190n6 affirmative action policies, 8 Africa, 130 African American Review, 192n4 African Methodist Episcopal, 18, 28, 105, 187n1 Alexander, Bryant Keith, 7 alienation, 70 amalgamation, 109, 195 Andrews, William L., 92, 95, 157 antebellum period black southern women in, 51, 52 class differences in, 13, 32, 94, 95 “cracker culture,” 194n11 legal aspects, 159 literary representations of, 13, 32, 34, 58, 79, 80, 158, 190n8, 192n1 slavery in, 12, 114, 186n20 aristocrats, 16, 17, 94, 105, 107, 122, 127, 153, 156, 170, 171 of the soul, 21, 30, 31, 36, 39, 44, 89, 181 Asbury, John C., 160–61 Atlantic Monthly, 81, 157, 195n3 Baker, Houston, 6, 7, 27, 185n12, 187n25 “tight places,” 83, 84, 86, 193n6 Baraka, Amiri, 185n11 Barthes, Roland, 184n9 better class, 26, 28, 31, 43, 103, 184n8, 185n16 antagonism, 102 blacks, 14, 17, 24, 42, 67, 88, 101, 108, 135, 176, 177 emergence of, 23, 109–17 in Chesnutt’s texts, 162, 166, 168, 172 in Harper’s texts, 35, 46, 47, 52 in Hopkins’s texts, 107, 126, 131 ideology, 50 Jim Crow era, 18 mulatto/a characterization, 20, 161 social designation, 4–5 status, 38, 92 of white people, 150 See also middle class black characterization, 16, 81, 90, 116, 119, 159, 160, 173 black community, 2, 4, 8, 10, 19, 30, 61, 63, 67, 81, 100, 102, 118, 121, 144, 158, 162, 164, 173, 180 geographic boundaries in, 89 romanticized, 9, 185n12 southern, 178 working-class, 149 black intellectuals, 48, 111, 138, 164 black masculinity, 96, 186n17 black middle class, 4, 7–8, 11, 56, 65, 69, 77, 83, 86, 91, 113, 126, 130, 138, 157, 158, 176, 181, 184n8, 194n12 attitudes toward, 7, 185n12 blood, 109 Chesnutt’s views, 161, 163, 165, 168, 173 denigration of, 6, 160 derivatives of whites, 155 214 index Boston Literary and Historical Association , 137, 183n3 Bourdieu, Pierre, 17, 28 Boyd, Melba Joyce, 27 Brent, Linda, 186n21 Brooks, Daphne, 139 Brooks, Peter, 57, 66 Brown, Lois, 113, 183n1, 183n3 Brown, Sterling, 187n25 Brown, William Wells, 58 Clotelle: A Tale of the Southern States, 194n8 Clotelle; or, The Colored Heroine, 194n8 Clotel; or, The President’s Daughter, 116–17, 192n1 Bruce, Blanche, K., 14, 143 Bruce, Dickson, Jr., 4, 6, 8 Bruce, John E., 183n1 Bryant, Earle V., 162 Bulson, Eric, 99, 192n3 Burke, Martin, 13, 188n11 Calhoun, Craig, 184n6 canon, 6, 54, 188n11 capitalism, 13, 34, 71, 73 Carby, Hazel, 10, 193n10 Castronovo, Russ, 75 Century, 84 Chesnutt, Charles W., 2, 4 Blue Vein stories, 18, 135–36, 139, 143, 157, 158, 160, 161, 169, 173, 195n3 class-passing among, 143–56 class affinity and discrimination, 162–74 The Colonel’s Dream, 189n3 from race to class, 162–74 “The Future American,” 195n5 “Her Virginia Mammy,” 141, 143, 153, 155–56 The House Behind the Cedars, 58, 139, 140 “A Matter of Principle,” 143, 150, 152, 162, 195n3 The Marrow of Tradition, 23, 54, 134, black middle class (continued) differences with working class, 22, 96 Du Bois’s views, 177 family, 74 heredity, 121, 123, 125 leadership, 186n17 misclassification, 125 new, 8, 185n14 paradoxical relationship with racial authenticity, 185n13 politics, 177 postbellum, 14, 143 public representation, 88, 103, 143 residential patterns, 102 respectability, 90, 122 status, 133, 146 survival, 123 Talented Tenth, 19, 24, 138, 175–77, 180, 181, 196nn2–3 women, 119 work ethic, 108 black writers, 2–6, 8, 18, 34, 45, 53, 84, 91, 93, 97, 115, 180, 181, 182, 187n24, 192n5 antebellum, 34 class anxiety, 7, 12, 17, 32, 79, 90, 133, 175 female, 35, 68 postbellum, 16, 17, 22, 55, 89, 134, 176 representational dilemmas, 1, 9–11, 49, 58, 91, 108 blood, 84, 91, 105–31, 177, 193n8, 193n2, 194n4 Blumin, Stuart, 13, 189n15 Bodenhorn, Howard, 187n26 bodies, 67, 69, 105, 112, 113, 126 class and, 106, 129, 146 laboring, 21, 53, 57, 70, 74, 75, 190n8 passing and, 139, 140, 142, 148 physical, 22, 44, 59, 91 well-dressed, 92, 95, 167, 178 women, 75 physical, 68 working, 57 boojie, 8 Boston Evening Transcript, 159 index 215 110, 119, 137, 138, 155, 181, 183n2, 185n12 hierarchies, 2, 125, 176 identifications, 3, 7, 10, 21, 26, 27, 49, 53, 56, 88, 103, 107, 108, 125, 128, 136, 147, 149, 153, 154, 183n4, 189n15 mobility, 13, 22, 23, 57, 62, 69, 71, 72, 76...