Ladies of the Lights: Michigan Women in the U.S. Lighthouse Service

Notes

g NOTES g CHAPTER 1 1. Francis Ross Holland, America’s Lighthouses: An Illustrated History (New York: Dover, 1988), 9. 2. Mary Louise Clifford and J. Candace Clifford, Women Who Kept the Lights: An Illustrated History of Female Lighthouse Keepers, 2nd ed. (Alexandria: Cypress Communications, 2000), 5. 3. Francis Ross Holland, Lighthouses (New York: Metro, 1995), 15. 4. “Youghal,” The Commissioners of Irish Lights, http://www.cil.ie/›at_areaE QLlighthousesAMPlighthouseIDEQL20_entry.html (accessed April 12, 2009). 5. Holland, 178. 6. Ohio Department of Natural Resources, “Marblehead Lighthouse,” Ohio State Parks, http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/parks/magazinehome/mag1998fallwin/ marbleheadfw1998/tabid/393/default.aspx (accessed April 12, 2009). 7. Charles K. Hyde, The Northern Lights: Lighthouses of the Upper Great Lakes, rev. ed. (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1995), 15. 8. Clifford and Clifford, 218. 9. Terry Pepper, “Bois Blanc Lighthouse,” Seeing the Light: Lighthouses of the Western Great Lakes, http://www.terrypepper.com/lights/huron/boisblanc/keep ers.htm (accessed February 22, 2007). 10. U.S. Light-House Establishment, Compilation of Public Documents and Extracts from Reports and Papers Relating to Light-Houses, Light-Vessels, and Illuminating Apparatus, and to Beacons, Buoys, and Fog Signals, 1789–1871 (Washington , DC: Government Printing Of‹ce, 1871). 11. Clifford and Clifford, 129. CHAPTER 2 1. “Light Stations Remaining in the United States,” U.S. Coast Guard, http://www.uscg.mil/history/articles/h_remaininglights.asp (accessed April 5, 2009). 103 2. Clifford and Clifford, 209. 3. Correspondence with J. Candace Clifford, April 5, 2009. 4. Correspondence with Gladys Beckwith, April 5, 2009. 5. Elinor DeWire, Guardians of the Lights: The Men and Women of the U.S. Lighthouse Service (Sarasota, FL: Pineapple Press, 1995), 188. 6. “Great Lakes Lighthouses,” Northern Michigan University Center for Upper Peninsula Studies, http://webb.nmu.edu/Centers/UpperPeninsulaStudies/ SiteSections/UPHistory/FolkloreHistory/Lighthouses.shtml, accessed June 9, 2009. 7. Pepper, “Gull Rock Lighthouse,” Seeing the Light: Lighthouses of the Western Great Lakes, http://www.terrypepper.com/lights/superior/gull-rock/index.htm (accessed February 22, 2007). CHAPTER 3 1. Stephen Pleasonton, Instructions to the Keepers of Light-Houses within the United States (Washington, DC: Government Printing Of‹ce, 1835). 2. Holland, 15. 3. Holland, 21. 4. “Beacon to Sailors Cared for by Woman,” Grand Rapids Evening Press, November 18, 1905. 5. Pepper, “Marquette Harbor Lighthouse,” Seeing the Light: Lighthouses of the Western Great Lakes, http://www.terrypepper.com/lights/superior/marquette/ marquette.htm (accessed February 22, 2007). 6. Holland, 45. 7. Pleasonton. 8. Richard Clayton, “John Nolen’s Journal,” Lighthouse Digest, August 1999. 9. Pleasonton. 10. Frances (Wuori Johnson) Marshall interview, in the collection of the Great Lakes Lighthouse Keepers Association, conducted December 16, 2007. CHAPTER 4 1. Holland, 40. 2. U.S. Light-House Establishment, Rules, Regulations, and General Instructions (Washington, DC: William A. Harris, Printer, 1858), 8. 3. Clifford and Clifford, 129. 4. Pepper, “Eagle Harbor Range Lights,” Seeing the Light: Lighthouses of the Western Great Lakes, http://www.terrypepper.com/lights/superior/eaglerange/ea glerange.htm (accessed February 22, 2007). 5. Pepper, “Marquette Harbor Lighthouse.” notes to pages 9–21 104 6. Marshall. 7. Pepper, “Big Bay Point Lighthouse: The Story of William H. Pryor,” Seeing the Light: Lighthouses of the Western Great Lakes, http://www.terrypepper.com/ lights/superior/bigbay/priorstory.htm (accessed February 22, 2007). CHAPTER 5 1. Frederick Stonehouse, Women and the Lakes: Untold Great Lakes Maritime Tales (Gwinn, MI: Avery Color Studios, 2001), 76. 2. Sharon Gill Vanden Bossche, “Stephen A. Warner: St. Clair, MI Lighthouse Keeper,” GenForum, http://genforum.genealogy.com/warner/messages/ 3074.html (accessed January 27, 2009). 3. Hyde, 52. 4. Elizabeth Whitney Williams, A Child of the Sea; and Life among the Mormons (St. James, MI: Henry Allen, 1905), 213. 5. David W. Landemann, A Historical Study of the Pointe Aux Barques Lighthouse (Grand Rapids, MI: Williams & Works, 1982), 8. 6. National Archives, Record Group 26, Entry 82. 7. Clayton. 8. Williams, 215. CHAPTER 6 1. Unpublished manuscript on Anastasia Truckey, authored by descendant Robert L. Shanley Sr., October 30, 2001. 2. Pepper, “Menagerie Island Lighthouse,” Seeing the Light: Lighthouses of the Western Great Lakes, http://www.terrypepper.com/lights/superior/menagerie/in dex.htm (accessed February 22, 2007). 3. “Great Lakes Lighthouses,” Northern Michigan University Center for Upper Peninsula Studies, http://webb.nmu.edu/Centers/UpperPeninsulaStudies/ SiteSectons/UPHistory/FolkloreHistory/Lighthouse.shtml (accessed June 4, 2009). 4. “Great Lakes Lighthouses.” 5. “1849 Letter Concerning Fire at Keeper’s...