Defending Diversity: Affirmative Action at the University of Michigan

Index

Index Act to Promote the Comfort of Passengers , 23 Adarand Contractors, Inc. v. Pea, 88 admissions index, 69–70 admissions policies, 65–70; racial and ethnic diversity in, 71–72 adolescent development, 101 AFL-CIO, 15 Allport, Gordon, 144 all-white juries, constitutionality of, 27. See also Missouri ex. rel Gaines v. Canada American Bar Association, 174 American Dilemma, An (Myrdal), 19–20 American Educational Research Association , 90 American Enterprise Institute, 35 American Jewish Committee, 173 American Psychological Association, 140–41 Amherst College, 25 Angell, James B., 1, 4, 6–7, 10 anti-Semitism, 4 Aristotle, 108–10, 172–73 Arizona Republic, 13 armed forces academies, 90, 164, 193 Association of American Law Schools, 91–92 automatic thinking, 105–6, 113 Bakke. See Regents of the University of California v. Bakke Bakke, Allan, 41, 48. See also Regents of the University of California v. Bakke Banaji, M. R., 167 Barber, Benjamin, 134, 172 Becton, Julius W., Jr., 90, 163 Bennington College student study, 170 Berea College v. Kentucky, 24 Big Three, 3. See also General Motors Corporation biological determinism, 48 Black Action Movement (BAM), 4, 53–54 Black Manifesto, 46 Blackmun, Harry, 15 Bobbitt, Philip, 95 Bobo, L. D., 137, 167, 178 Bok, Derek, 4, 90, 141–42, 154–55 Bollinger, Lee, 50. See also Gratz v. Bollinger; Grutter v. Bollinger Bowen, William G., 64, 147; The Shape of the River, 4, 90, 141–42, 154–55 Brennan, William, 8, 93, 94 Breyer, Stephen, 58; Grutter v. Bollinger and, 194 Brown, Henry Billings, 23 Brown University, 25 Brown v. Board of Education, 8, 12–13, 52, 103, 189; signi‹cance of, 5, 189; trial and impact of, 32–34. See also separate but equal Bunche, Ralph, 25 busing, 39–40 Calabresi, Guido, 95 California, University of: Davis, 41, 48, 93, 127; Los Angeles (UCLA), 5, 25, 115. See also Regents of the University of California v. Bakke Cantor, Nancy, 3 Carter, Stephen, 157 Center for Comparative Studies of Race and Ethnicity, 5 Center for Equal Opportunity, 57 Center for Individual Rights (CIR), 3, 4, 6, 55, 57; Grutter, Barbara, and, 51, 72; Regents of the University of California v. Bakke and, 51, 72; structural diversity and, 146; universities and, 82, 84 Chang, M. J., 125, 138 child development, 126–27 Civil Rights Act of 1964, 36–38, 43 Civil Rights Project, 5, 14 Civil Service Commission, 36 Civil War, 21 cognitive dissonance, 78, 84 college impact studies, 137–38 Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity, 36 Committee on Fair Employment Practices, 35 Committee on Government Compliance , 36 Committee on Government Contracts , 36 community service activities, 136 Compelling Interest: Examining the Evidence on Racial Dynamics in Colleges and Universities (Chang et al.), 90 compelling state interests, 86–89, 93, 95 complexity of student thought, 121–22 Confederate ›ag, 40 con›ict normalization, 135 Congress for Racial Equality (CORE), 42 Connerly, Ward, 84 Constitution, U.S., 15, 23, 34 Cooperative Institutional Research Program, 115, 119, 125, 170 Coors, Joseph, 35 Crain, R. L., 171 Crosby, Faye, 156–57, 178 cultural competence, 138 Davis, University of California at, 41, 48, 93, 127. See also Regents of the University of California v. Bakke democracy outcomes, 99, 110–12, 129–33; Program on Intergroup Relations (IGR) and, 133–36 democratic legitimacy, 91–94 Democratic Party, 39 Department of Labor, U.S., 53 desegregation, opposition to, 33–35 Detroit, Michigan, 3, 75 Dey, Eric L., 97 disequilibrium, 9 Disraeli, Benjamin, 2 diversity: impact of, 141–43, 150–53; military admissions and, 162–63; pedagogic bene‹ts of, 67–69, 71, 88; Powell, Lewis and, 62–66, 68, 72–73, 75, 91; Regents of the University of California v. Bakke and, 79–80, 91–94, 147; social science data and, 116–18; structural forms of, 146–47 Diversity Challenged: Examining the Evidence on Racial Dynamics in Colleges and Universities (Or‹eld and Kurlaender), 90 divisiveness, 131–32 D’Souza, Dinesh, 20, 169 Duderstadt, James, 50, 54 Duncan, G. J., 176 Eastland, James, 38, 41, 50 economic competitiveness, 175–78 Edley, Christopher, Jr., 5, 16 educational rationales, 100–105, 110–11 Eisenhower, Dwight D., 33, 42 employment changes for African Americans, 43–44 employment guidelines for federal contractors, 36–37 Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), 37 Equal Protection clause, 15, 58, 62, 87, 88. See also Fourteenth Amendment equity, 45–46 index 214 Erikson, Erik, 100 ethnic hostility on college campuses, 157–60 Farley, Reynolds, 102 Farmer...