The One-State Solution: A Breakthrough for Peace in the Israeli-Palestinian Deadlock

Notes

Notes CHAPTER 1 1. See, e.g., Don Atapattu, “Interview with Middle East Scholar Avi Shlaim: America, Israel, and the Middle East,” The Nation, 15 June 2004. 2. The Complete Diaries of Theodor Herzl (translated by Harry Zohn, 1960) vol 1, 88. On the expulsion of Palestinians in 1948, see especially Benny Morris’s The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). See also Ari Shavit’s interview of Morris entitled “Survival of the Fittest,” in Ha’aretz, 19 February 2004. 3. At this writing, the Elon peace plan is available online at www.therightroadtopeace.com. It includes proposals for Israel to “dismantle” the refugee camps forcibly (as crucibles of terror) and deport their populations (a move also proposed to “lessen the poverty and density in the Palestinian Arab towns”). It further proposes that the international community orchestrate the transfer of all Palestinians to “various countries,” thereby assisting this “completion of the exchange of populations that began in 1948.” 4. For an in-depth critique of historical and political arguments for the claim “Jordan is Palestine,” see Daniel Pipes and Adam Gar‹nkle, “Is Jordan Palestine?” Commentary, October 1988, available online at www.danielpipes .org/article/298. 5. Tony Judt, “Israel: The Alternative,” New York Review of Books 50, no. 16 (October 23, 2003). 6. See, e.g., Sussman, “Is the Two-State Solution Dead?” Current History 103, no. 669 (January 2004), 37; “The Challenge to the Two-State Solution,” Middle East Report, summer 2004. 7. See, e.g., Tony Judt’s argument in “Israel: The Alternative.” 8. See Sussman, “Is the Two-State Solution Dead?” 9. As I ‹nished writing this book, I was alerted to several monographs in progress, including Ghada Karmi’s Married to Another Man (London: Pluto Press, in press). CHAPTER 2 1. The Jewish population of Jerusalem in that year was 464,000. Both ‹gures are from Israel’s Central Bureau of Statistics: see Ha’aretz, 25 April 2004. 243 2. Earlier proportions of Christians were higher: the British census of 1931 put the Christian-Arab population at 88,907, or about 9.5 percent of the total Arab population, but at about 50 percent in Jerusalem; by 1944, the total percentage had dropped to 8 percent. Many Christian-Arabs were absorbed into Israel, where the Christian population in 2000 was about 146,000. For one proposal by Jerusalem’s Palestinian-Christian community, based on a two-state solution, see “The Jerusalem Sabeel Document: Principles for a Just Peace in Palestine-Israel,” Cornerstone 19 (summer 2000), available online at www.sabeel.org/old/news/newslt19/princs.htm. 3. Bayit Ne’eman B’Yisrael, “Maale Adumim,” Tehila: A New Dimension of Aliyah, http://www.tehilla.com/haut/bayit/List%20of%20Communities/ maaleadu.html. 4. For one detailed analysis of the Wall and its logistical impact, see Peter Lagerquist, “Fencing the Last Sky: Excavating Palestine after Israel’s ‘Separation Wall,’” Journal of Palestine Studies 130 (winter 2004). 5. A ‹eld survey conducted by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics in 1995 assessed the birthrate among the Gaza Strip population at 7.8, with marital fertility at 10. The same project estimated that the Palestinian population in the West Bank and Gaza Strip will reach some 4.2 to 4.3 million by 2010. See Jon Pedersen, Sara Randall, and Marwan Khawaja, eds., Growing Fast: The Palestinian Population in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Fafo Report 353, Fafo Institute for Applied Social Science, 2001, available online at www.fafo.no/ pub/rapp/353/353.pdf. 6. The area came brie›y under Maccabee rule for only twenty years (167–142 BCE). 7. A recent Jewish National Fund project to build an additional reservoir serving settlement agriculture draws from scarce runoff and will add to the shortage suffered by the Palestinian population. 8. Ibid. The Peace Now survey found that 90 percent of settlers would leave the West Bank and Gaza Strip (with ‹nancial compensation) if the government ordered them to. On the potent fusion of secular Jewish thought with ideas of “return,” see the letter exchange in the London Review of Books (6 May, 20 May, and 3 June 2004 [vol. 26, nos. 9–11]). 9. A 2003 survey of 644 settler households conducted by Peace Now found that 57 percent of settlers thought “hilltop youth” were “extremist and dangerous ”; 66 percent thought the hilltop outposts should be removed; and 44 percent supported formation of a Palestinian state in the West Bank...