Three's a Crowd: The Dynamic of Third Parties, Ross Perot, and Republican Resurgence

Index

Index Note: Page references to figures are indicated by italics. abortion, 82, 84 Abramowitz, Alan, 183 Abramson, Paul, 114 activists and activism, 15-20, 79-82, 95, 115, 120-23; and activity levels, 101-2, 128,207; continuing, 129, 130,131, 133-37; and issues, 93--94, 109-11, 118-20; and losing candidates , 43; and Nader, 232; and potential activists, 15,31,101,107, 127,136; Republican, 42,125-28, 156-57, 192-94, 208-11; and spillover effects, 39-44, 45, 198; for third parties, 38, 145. See also campaign activism; major-party activism ; Perot activism affirmative action, 82, 134, 164 Aldrich,John, 114,238 American Independent Party (AlP), 228,229 American National Election Study (ANES), 16-17,20, 101-2, 177-78 Anderson,John, 3-4, 54,60,69, 122, 223; popular vote for, 183-84; and strategic voting, 115 approval ratings: of Clinton, 52-53, 73,75,130; of Dole, 73; of . G. H.W Bush, 49,50-51,57,75, 130; of Perot, 57 balanced budget amendment, 153, 164. See also budget balancing ballot access, 19,60-62,75,98-99, 114, 224; and bias against third parties , 235; and mobilization, 70; for Reform Party, 72-73 ballot petitioning, 19,55,57--63,75, 98 Balz, Dan, 153 Barbour, Haley, 147-48, 149, 167 Barta, Carolyn, 63 Barton,Joe, 150 Beck, Paul, 6-7, 74, 225-26,230 Behr, Roy, 26-27, 48, 122 Bentsen, Lloyd, 146 bid for Perot supporters. See majorparty bid for Perot supporters Bradley, Bill, 50 Brady, David, 43, 115, 175, 176 Brownstein, Ronald, 153 Buchanan, Pat, 58, 152, 166, 167,237; in 1996, 164-65; and G. H. W Bush, 52; and Gore, 231; and Perot, 74, 200, 202-4; popular vote for, 14; and Republicans, 210 budget balancing, )4, SIl1I, 82, 95-96, Il2, 122; and Clinton, 65-66,174, 201; and Congress, 49, 66, 146; and Democrats, 234; and G, H. W Bush, 33,65-66; and Perot, 33,91, L09-II, 141; and Republicans, 33 Burnham, Walter Dean, 4, II Bush, George H. W, nnS, 22, 47-53, 99, 146; approval ratings of, 49, 50-51, 57, 75, 130; and budget balancing , 33, 65-M; and Bush/ Quayle call1paign, 12S; and campaign finance, 58; and candidate evaluation, 107; in debates, 69; and economy evaluation, Il2; and foreign policy, I03; and liberal-conservative issues, 109; loss of (1992), 147; and media coverage, 71-72; and Perot, 56,67; and trial-helt polls, II, 64 Bush, George W, 165,230,232,233, 235; and Bush-Gore contest, 188; and McCain, 203; and Perot, 186-1\:-\, 1BSI Caddell, Pat, 55 California, (,0, ()l, 70 campaign activism, lSi, 44,101, u6; and candidate evaluation, T05-6; decline in, 141; effects on voters, 192; history of, 100, II6-I7; and mobilization, lIS, II7, 191; and previous activity, II5-I7, I98-Sl9, 220. See also activists and activism; major-party activism campaign finance, ()S, 72-75, 76, 1I4, 122; 011 advertising, 56; ,md Perot, 8-1I, 56, 58-,W, ()3, 69, 72-74, 76; reform for, ()2, 66, 164, 166,233 campaign for Perot. Sec Perot campaIgn candidate-centered politics, 40, 42, 43; and major-party change, 212-13 candidate evaluation, 38, 142, 17()-77, INDEX 1S14--95; in ISlSl6, 72: eHects of, III, II9-2 I; of Perot, 12S1-P, 136-41, 142; and push-pull effects, 108, Il8 candidates, 26, 97, ISO; abilities of, T03; and conditions to run, 36; experience level of, 159, 176; influences of, 32-33; and issue positions, 87--93; and parties, 29n I, 32,40,92, 104; and policy commitments . 35; trustworthiness of, 78, 103, I04 Carter, Jiml11y, ()2 centrism, 95 change. Sec major-party change choice between candidates, 31, 79-81, 95, T07-9, 122,232; and issues, III; and push-pull model, 27; and third-party emergence, 45; Jnd third-party support, 32 Christian Coalition, lSI Christian Right, 39, 207 Cino, Maria, 154 citizen legislators, 153 civil rights, 228-2S1 Clinton, Bill, 17n8, 88, 146, 171, 182, 188; activist support for, Sl9; administration of, 21, 147; approval ratings of, 52-53,73,75,130; and bid for Perot supporters, 21, 201; and budget balancing, 65-66, 71, [74, 201; and campaign finance, 58, 74, 149; and candidate evaluation, I04, I07; and Clinton/Gore campaign, 128; in debates, 69; at Democratic National Convention, 63; and economy evaluatioll, 112; and House ekctions (ISlSl4), 175; and liberal-conservative issues, I09; and media coverage, 7 I-72; nomination...