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Index 289 abduction, the standard error compared to pragmatic, 152. See also beta abnormal psychology, schizoid use of significance testing in, 135–38, 156 Adams, Henry, admires Karl Pearson’s Grammar of Science, 196 addition rules: abstract numbers added differently by Fisher and Fisherians, 10; identical operation of if counting money or abstract numbers, 10 Administrative Science Quarterly, management journal, into the crisis, 117, 118, 248 Adyanthaya, N. K., and Egon S. Pearson , first power function estimated in 1929 by, 69 Agee, James, poet, specification error as betrayal of subject, 57, 60 Airy, George B., Royal Astronomer, inventor of clock at Prime Meridian , textbook teaches least squares method and theory of errors of observations to Gosset, 84, 207; uses modulus, 188 Allen, Robert, exemplary article in economics, 90 alpha, alpha-statistician (␣-self, ␣-Fisher, wasp): ␣-only lacks or misapplies judgment, Savage, 15, 59, 60, 134, 180; does not understand opportunity cost, Gosset offsets Fisher’s with -statistician, 60; as irrational skeptic, 197; Fisher invents in angry letter to -Gosset, 59, 60, 217; Fisher institutionalizes in the sciences, 141, 216, 217, 222–26; Fisher only makes time for his, 214, 218; Hotelling adopts and teaches to leading statisticians, economists, and political scientists, 233; Karl Pearson adopts and teaches to Gosset’s class, 197; as sizeless scientist , 5–21. See also Statistics of Unprogressive Communities. Contrast bee; beta; Gosset ␣-epistemology: cuckoo statistical examples of, 203–6; origins in Karl Pearson and Ronald Fisher; representative examples of, 194–95, 200–202, 222–26. For legacy of, see copyright; standard error; statistical significance. Contrast -epistemology ; -self Altman, Douglas G.: measures misuse of statistical significance in medicine , 162, 163, 164; sarcastic formatting of p values, 62, 163 Altman, Morris: correlates standard error with social psychology of fear, 251; editorial declaration against misuse of statistical significance in Journal of Socio-Economics, 168; inspired book, xix Amemiya, Takeshi, advanced textbook misuses statistical significance, 108 American Economic Association, vs. integrity of APA on statistical significance , 128 American Economic Review, misuses statistical significance, 34, 74–105 American Journal of Epidemiology, misuses statistical significance, 161, 170 American Journal of Public Health, editor sympathetic with Rothman, 166; misuses statistical significance, 170, 172, 174; willing to improve, 177 American Psychological Association, APA Publication Manual: finally recommends confidence intervals, 170; recommends misuse of statistical significance, 124–25 American Psychological Association, Task Force on Statistical Inference, 128–29; negligible result, 129 analysis of variance, Fisher’s crowning achievement, 143 Angrist, Joseph, good practice of, 90, 99–100; drifts into asterisk econometrics , 100 Animal Behaviour, misuses statistical significance, 38–39 animal science, uses significance to force and kill orphaned lambs, 38– 39 Annals of Internal Medicine: Goodman articles against statistical significance in, 163; low standards in use of statistical significance, shows in Vioxx paper, 28, 30, 41, 177, 248 Arbuthnot, John: invents statistical significance, 14; statistical significance of births of boys and girls, 193 aristocratic approach to the logic of uncertainty, 98, 145 Arrow, Kenneth: collaborates with Bayesians, 145; early critic of statistical significance, 2, 49, 57, 63, 111, 114, 120, 235, 240, 248; Nobel laureate inspired book, xix; optimal stopping rule is non-Fisherian , 145. See also bee; beta Ashenfelter, Orly, excuses misuse of statistical significance in economics because young people need careers, 89 aspirin-and-heart-disease in women: gross misuse of statistical significance in studies of, 184; Rothman diagram, misuse shown in, 185 asterisk econometrics: in Card and Kreuger, 102; in Becker, Grossman, and Murphy, 104; defined, 70, 118; even in Angrist, 100; mystification of, 104; prevalent in 1990s, 86; totem of belief, 86 astronomy: oomph in, 6; uses of statistical significance in, 3, 6. See also Airy; Jeffreys asylum, lunatic, Gosset tells Fisher too small to house significant mistakes in, 217 Atkinson, A. B., solves problem of sorites in economics, 54–55. See also beta atomic physics, lack of significance testing in, 2 autocrat, the, Yule sees Fisher’s mantle of, concerning Gosset’s t-table, 207 Baby Triumphator, the difficult-tohand -operate mechanical calculator, which Gosset used at Guinness, home, and field to compute the t distribution, 20, 227. See also Somerfield balanced design of experiments: advocated by Neyman, Egon Pearson, Jeffreys, 213, 221; finally ignored by Fisher, 221; random waspish attack on it stirs bee to reveal identity , 213; vs. randomization in block design, Gosset’s name for his 290 ⱐ Index original economic approach to design which attempts to minimize real error, not understood by Fisher at Rothamsted, 215, 216. See also bee; Gosset balance of payments: statistical example of...