Life and Thought in the Ancient Near East

Index

229 Index Some of the assembled materials in the part of the book entitled Especially for Students have not been indexed. Abel, 177 Abraham, 70 Abydos, 165, 166 Acco, 50 Acropolis, 65 Adab, 160 Aden, Gulf of, 137 Adhem River, 145, 147 Aegean Coast, 144 Aegean Sea, 137, 142, 143 Aeneid, 100 Africa, 137, 138, 142 Aha, 42 Ahura Mazda, 93, 94 Akitu house, 17 Alaca Huyuk, 197 Aleppo, 146 Alexander the Great, 51 successors of, 179 alphabet, 53. See also under Phoenicia Altamira, 27 Amanus Mountains, 139 Amarna, 198 Amarna letters, 198 Amenhotep III, 198 Amenhotep IV, 198 Amorites, 22 amphictyony (de‹nition), 55, 56 Amun, 165 Anatolia, horse-breaking area, 62 Anatolian Plateau, 142, 144 Anatolian residences, 78 ancient Near Eastern gods, 112 ancient Near Eastern literature Egyptian images of the city, 175–76 Mesopotamian images of the city, 169–75 West Semitic, Hebrew images of the city, 176–79 ancient Near Eastern religion: methodological fallacies in the study of, 201–4 ancient Near Eastern universe as “alive,” 112 animals, 27–32 ass, 70 bear (brown), 28 boar, 28 camel, 69, 70 animals (continued) cattle, 70 cheetah, 28 crocodile, 28, 31 deer, 28 donkey, 79, 81 elephant, 31 hippopotamus, 28, 31 horse, 62, 80, 81, 83 horse, domestication, 81 horse, Hyksos, 83 horse, management, 81 jackal, 28 leopard, 28 lion, 28–31 onager, 81 sheep, 28 wolf, 28 Anitta, 26 Antalya, 143 Antalya, Plain of, 142 Anti-Lebanon Mountains, 146 Anti-Taurus Mountains, 142, 143, 145, 146 Anu(m), 14, 18 Anum-Hirbi letter, 96–99 Anunnaki, 171 Aqaba, Gulf of, 147 Arabia, 148 Arabian Sea, 137 Ararat, Mount, 143 archives, 7, 8 archive technique, 9 Aristotle, 109 Ark of the Covenant, 60 Armenian Knot, 143, 147 Artaxerxes I, 67 Artaxerxes II, 67 Ashdod, 140 Ashkelon, 140 Asia, 137 Asia Minor, 142–44, 145 Asia Minor, regions of, 142–44, 145, 146 ass. See animals Assur, 75, 77, 78, 79, 161 Assurbanipal, 8 Assurnasirpal, 162 Assyria, 145, 146, 161, 162 annals, 198 army, 84–85 bowmen, 86 captives, 64 cavalry, 85 charioteers, 86–87 engineer corps, 87–88 infantry, 86 king as commander, 85 naval auxiliary, 87 imperial policy, 63 Old Kingdom, 79 palace reliefs, 28, 84 urban conquests, 163 Assyrians, 87 Aswan, 138 Ataturk, Kemal, 18 Athenian and Eretrian allies, 65 Athens, 63, 65, 67 Atlantic Ocean, 142 Avestan hymn to Mithra, 94 ba, 175–76 Babylon, 12, 16, 22, 26, 64, 161, 162, 167, 174 city features, 12–17 “free city,” 16 game park ruins, 26 kidinnu, 16 kidinnutu, 16 king’s negative confession, 16 New Year’s Festival, 12–17, 43 themes, 12 royal game park, 26 sacred marriage, 17 230 INDEX Babylonia, 145, 161, 162 conquest of Judah, 64 Babylonian prayer to the gods of night, 125–33 temple as landholder, 13 Baghdad, 145, 146, 147 Balikh River, 145 Balkan, Kemal, 96 Barak, 59 Bathsheba, 61 Behemoth, 31 Bel, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. See also Marduk Beltiya, 14 Benaiah, 61 Benjamin, 58, 60 Bible, 29. See also Psalms Book of Proverbs, 120, 123 wisdom books, 122–23 wisdom, personi‹cation of, 123 Bisitun inscription, 194–96 Black Sea, 137, 143 boar. See animals Bogazkoy, 91, 197–99 Borsippa, 15, 162 Bosporus Strait, 137 British Museum Tablet BM 14618, 24 brown bear. See animals Bubastis, 166 Busiris, 166 Buto, 175 Byblos, 50, 52, 141, 169 ships, 45, 51 Cadiz. See Gades Cain, 177 Cairo, 138, 166 camel. See animals Canaan, 70, 139, 142 Canaanite (Ugaritic), 185 city, 167 city-state, 167 city-state system, 59, 167 scribes, 58 Canaanites, 50, 57 Cappadocia, 64 Cappadocian tablets, 74 Carthage, 51, 142 Caspian Sea, 147 cattle. See animals Caucasus Mountains, 147 chapel atop ziggurat, 13 chariot, 81 construction, 82 ‹ghting complement, 83 use, 82 cheetah. See animals chiton, 79 Cilicia, 142 Cilician Gatea, 142 Cilician Plain, 142 cities, 159–79 Egyptian, 164–67 literary images, 175–76 Mesopotamian, 159–64 literary images, 169–74 West Semitic/Hebrew, 167–69 literary images, 176–79 City of Refuge, 169 civilization, future knowledge of our, 201–4 Cleisthenes, 92 “Creation Epic,” 14, 15, 17 Creation of the Pickaxe, The, 171 crocodile. See animals Croesus, 64 cuneiform documents transcription, 124 translation, 124–25 transliteration, 124 Cyaxeres, 63, 64 Cyrus the Great, 64, 67, 149 Damascus, 169 dam-kar, 73–74 Index 231 Darius I, 67, 93, 148, 162 David, 59, 60, 149, 167, 168 Dead Sea, 139 decipherments, 189–99 deer. See animals Deioces, 63 Delian League, 65 Deutsche Orient Gesellschaft...