Sacred Violence: Torture, Terror, and Sovereignty

Index

207 INDEX abortion, 85, 86, 121–22, 196–97n. See also Planned Parenthood v. Casey Abraham. See also Isaac; Israel; Jews on death through life, 160, 161 as ‹rst citizen, 153 near-sacri‹ce of Isaac and, 37–38 pledge of willingness to sacri‹ce by, 111 revelation of God to, 173–74 sacri‹ce of self in Isaac, 109 willingness to sacri‹ce Isaac, 98 Abu Ghraib degradation of prisoners at, 165–66 guards at, as scapegoats, 163, 166–67 prison guards, law enforcement role of, 128 sovereign space beyond the law and, 87 tradition of rule utilitarianism concerning , 72 academics, as entrepreneurs of human rights law, 57 Ackerman, Bruce, 192n acoustic separation Abu Ghraib guards as scapegoats and, 167 failure of, 157–58 of law from sovereign sacri‹ce, 152–53, 155–57, 167–69, 203–4n of state sovereignty and rights of man, 154–55 Adam, shame expressed as pain in Fall of, 32 administrative murder, 84, 129 Afghanistan humanitarian intervention in, 67 Rahman’s prosecution for conversion to Christianity in, 184n Africa, torture and terror in wars of, 66, 190n Agamben, Giorgio, 40, 185n Algeria France’s problems with veterans of war in, 4 torture by French in, 185–86n aliens at the border, exclusion of, 143, 201n Al Qaeda. See also war on terror U.S. identi‹cation as enemy, 157, 181n American Constitution. See Constitution , U.S. Americans. See United States Annan, Ko‹, 202n Anselm, Saint, 26 Antigone (Sophocles), 145, 146, 147, 156 antiwar movement, sacri‹ce in U.S. and, 139 Apology (of Socrates), The (Plato), 101–2, 111 Arendt, Hannah, 84, 111, 186n, 194n Argentina dirty warriors in, 4, 144, 149 failed sacri‹ces of soldiers in Malvinas war of, 148–49 Aristotle, 26, 101, 110 Arlington National Cemetery, 167 Assmann, Jan, 52 Athens debate as model of foundations of political power in, 102–3 intolerance of philosophers in, 14 Laws of, Socrates’ refusal to disobey , 104–6 Socrates’ crime of worship of other gods than, 106–7 universality of justice and, 153 unjust wars and killing by, 104 Auden, W. H., 98 Augustine, 26, 184n auto-theory, 121 awe coronation and torture as opposite sides of, 32 in modern nation-state, oath as element of, 34 political power manifested through torture as, 25 Aztec rituals, sacri‹cial symbolism of, 94–95 Balkans, degradation of defeat and memory of failure of the sacred in, 165 Barak, Aaron, 18, 19, 182n, 205n. See also Israel battle‹elds. See also combatants; war at Gettysburg, Lincoln on sacri‹ces at, 110 judicial order and, 86 national confrontations as site of sacri‹ce on, 34–35, 38 sovereign power on display in, 43 Beirut, protests at, 137 Benjamin, Walter, 87–88 beyond law. See political space beyond law bin Laden, Osama, 181n Birmingham, Ala., King’s suffering and sacri‹ce in, 139 blacks. See also race; slavery capacity to show sacred in politicaltheological form by, 39 linking crime to politics in 1960s by, 38 in the U.S., sacri‹ces in civil rights movement for, 138–39, 199n borders. See also national space; political space beyond law acoustic separation based on, 158 international legal order on immutability of, 141 as national space indicator, 140–41, 200n secure, shooting of prisoners not taken across, 201n terrorist disregard for law and, 144, 146 U.S. searches under Fourth Amendment at, 201n Britain American Revolution against, British law and, 151, 203n Churchill on defense of, 152, 158 House of Lords on dual-legal structure in, 191n torture practices of, 186n, 204n treason laws in, 42, 183n 208 INDEX Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 80–81 Burr, Aaron, 63, 197n Bush, George W., and administration . See also Guantánamo Christian fundamentalist beliefs of, 3, 180n on need for sacri‹ce in Iraq, 183–84n on power to label citizen an “enemy combatant,” 202n on presidential power expansion, 41, 185n sovereign space beyond the law and, 87, 168 Cambodia execution of intellectuals in, 185n revolutionary leaders’ exile in Paris from, 136–37 Canada, U.S. border with, 141 capital punishment. See also scaffold purpose for legal order and, 196n sacred space of sovereignty and moral judgment on, 40 UN prohibitions on torture and, 187n in the U.S., European condemnation of, 21–22 Catholic Church members of, presence in England as treasonous offense, 183n Pope’s excommunication of Elizabeth I, 24 ritual in, 119 Cedar Revolution in Lebanon, Hariri...