School Choice and the Future of American Democracy

Appendix B | Supplementary Tables for Chapter 4

Appendix B | Supplementary Tables for Chapter 4 121 TABLE B.1. Means and Standard Deviations in Minnesota Schools Survey Standard Mean Deviation (1) (2) Charter school in district 0.28 (0.45) School is charter school 0.04 (0.19) School characteristics Number of students (100s) 5.59 (4.17) Highest grade offered 8.84 (3.08) Ungraded school 0.02 (0.10) Hispanic (%) 0.02 (0.08) African American (%) 0.06 (0.12) Free lunch eligible (%) 0.22 (0.18) Limited English proficient (%) 0.05 (0.11) Principal characteristics 10 or more years of experience as a principal 0.45 (0.50) 10 or more years of experience as a teacher 0.67 (0.47) Ph.D. 0.13 (0.34) Time spent on activities Facilitating achievement of the school’s mission 3.02 (1.12) Supervising faculty 3.08 (0.93) Guiding development of the curriculum 2.76 (1.00) Building relationships with the parent community 3.19 (0.90) Maintaining the physical security of 3.18 (1.02) students and staff Managing facilities 3.03 (1.02) Completing administrative tasks 3.91 (0.90) Mean score 3.17 (0.51) Influence Parents 3.17 (0.96) Principal 3.86 (0.91) Teachers 3.77 (0.92) State and local administration 3.93 (0.68) Relative influence of parents and principals 0.69 (1.00) Effects of parental involvement on principals’ influence Setting performance standards 3.49 (0.71) (continued) TABLE B.1—Continued Standard Mean Deviation (1) (2) Establishing curriculum 3.42 (0.68) Hiring teachers 3.11 (0.63) Evaluating teachers 3.05 (0.64) Setting discipline policy 3.55 (0.76) Deciding how the budget is spent 3.18 (0.71) Whether or not parents are offered the chance to participate Parents as volunteers 0.95 (0.22) Parents involved in school governance 0.86 (0.35) Parents involved in budget decisions 0.79 (0.41) Parents participating In open house or back to school night 3.64 (0.73) Regularly scheduled parent-teacher conferences 3.80 (0.54) As volunteers 2.06 (0.95) In school governance 1.35 (0.61) In budget decisions 1.22 (0.51) Trend in parental participation 3.36 (0.85) Source: Minnesota Schools Survey 2003. Student demographic data from the Minnesota Department of Education 2003. 122 Appendixes Appendixes 123 TABLE B.2. The Effects of Parental Involvement on Principals’ Influence (full results) Setting Performance Hiring Evaluating Standards Teachers Teachers Budget (1) (2) (3) (4) Charter school in district 0.13 0.28*** 0.19* 0.26*** (0.09) (0.10) (0.10) (0.10) School is charter school 0.86*** 0.99*** 0.54** 0.53** (0.21) (0.21) (0.22) (0.21) Number of students (100s) 0.01 0.004 0.01 0.12 (0.01) (0.011) (0.01) (0.11) Highest grade offered –0.02 –0.05*** –0.01 –0.05*** (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) Ungraded school 0.36 0.01 0.18 0.37 (0.35) (0.38) (0.38) (0.36) Hispanic (%) –0.78 –1.54** –0.59 –0.91 (0.73) (0.77) (0.78) (0.74) African American (%) 0.28 0.18 0.43 0.99** (0.44) (0.48) (0.48) (0.45) Free lunch eligible (%) –1.18*** –0.62* –0.51 –0.34 (0.32) (0.36) (0.36) (0.34) Limited English proficient (%) 0.79 1.12* –0.00 1.83*** (0.63) (0.68) (0.83) (0.64) At least 10 years 0.03 –0.04 –0.01 0.04 principal experience (0.08) (0.08) (0.08) (0.08) At least 10 years teaching –0.01 0.11 0.07 0.21*** experience (0.01) (0.09) (0.09) (0.08) Ph.D. 0.24** 0.32** 0.11 0.06 (0.12) (0.13) (0.13) (0.12) Cut points –2.63 –2.28 –1.71 –1.99 –1.83 –1.94 –1.43 –1.44 –0.28 0.54 0.96 0.58 1.47 1.87 2.52 2.11 N 928 928 928 928 LR chi2 (14) 46.16 63.05 19.62 94.25 Prob > chi2 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 Source: Minnesota Schools Survey 2003. Student demographic data from the Minnesota Department of Education 2003. Note: Columns 1 through 4 present coefficient estimates from separate ordered probit regression results. Standard...