-
Glossary
- University of Wisconsin Press
- Chapter
- Additional Information
205 Glos sary French Words ca chot: Local de ten tion cen ter. Con seil su pé rieur: High Coun cil. fonc tion naire: Pub lic ser vant. gen darmes: Po lice. gé noc i daires: In di vid u als (al most ex clu sively eth nic Hutu) who fall into one of two broad cat e go ries: (1) those con victed of acts of gen o cide through for mal legal chan nels (ga caca, do mes tic and inter na tional courts), mean ing they are bona fide per pe tra tors of acts of gen o cide; (2) those who are be lieved to have par tic i pated in acts of gen o cide (re gard less of avail able ev i dence). Pères Blancs: White Fathers. ti gistes: In di vid u als who per form work in the pub lic inter est. travaux d’intérêt général: Works in the general interest. Kin yar wanda Words ab a cen gezi: In fil tra tors. ab a hinza: Hutu kings. abiru: Of fi cial rit u al ists, mean ing cus to dian of royal tra di tion as well as its rit u als and se crets. akazu: Lit er ally, lit tle hut. Used to refer to the inner cir cle of po lit i cal power under Pres i dent Hab ya ri mana be fore the gen o cide and to Pres i dent Kagame’s inner cir cle since 2001. Ba kiga: Peo ple from the Kiga re gion in pre co lo nial north ern Rwanda. Dur ing the Sec ond Re pub lic, used to mean peo ple of north east ern Rwanda (Gi senyi, Ru hen geri, and By umba). Ban ya mu lenge: Peo ple of Rwan dan or i gin from the Mu lenge hills in south ern Kivu (Congo) who fol low Rwan dan cus toms and cul tural codes. Ban yar wanda: Peo ple of Rwanda. ce ceka (from the verb gu ce ceka): Shut up or be quiet. 206 Glossary ga caca: Tra di tion ally, the spot where local-level dis pute res o lu tion takes place (lit er ally, lawn or grass); the post gen o cide mean ing is neo tra di tional community-based courts that are out side the for mal ju di cial system. ib i ron gozi: Colonial-era local ad min is tra tors. ib yitso: Ac com plices. ic yi hebe (pl. ib yi hebe): Fear less. Al ways used with a neg a tive con no ta tion. Since 2012, has meant “ter ror ist.” ig i pinga (pl. ib i pinga): Lit er ally, peo ple with deep-rooted prin ci ples. Since 2011, the term has been adopted by govern ment ca dres to name and shame whoever tries to op pose RPF ideol ogy and pro grams. Gen er ally used to mean Hutu op po nents. im i higo: Performance-based contracts that ren der local of fi cials ac count able to the cen tral govern ment. Im pu zam u gambi: Lit er ally, those with a com mon goal (youth wing of the CDR). in gando: Re ed u ca tion camp. Inter ahamwe: Title of the youth wing of the MRND, lit er ally, those who at tack to gether. in yan gam u gayo: Title given to ga caca judges, lit er ally, those who detest dis grace. in yenzi: Cock roach (used to iden tify Tutsi in fil tra tors in 1960 and again in the 1990s). inzu: House. isambu: Large areas of land tra di tion ally ad min is tered by hill chiefs to their sub or di nates. The chief held own er ship but al lowed the land to be farmed in ex change for trib ute and cor vée labor. ma bati: Iron roof sheet ing. mwami: King. nyumbakumi: Literally, ten houses. Refers to both groupings of ten households and the elected official responsible for managing Rwanda’s smallest administrative unit. panga: Ma chete. she buja: One’s pa tron. ubu hake: Tra di tional system of vas sal age. It des ig nated the system in which cat tle own ers (usu ally but not ex clu sively Tutsi) would give cat tle to their cli ents (usu ally but not ex clu sively eth nic Hutu) in...