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b 209 inde x absence: Cicero from Rome, 59; consoler, 52; correspondents, 66, 72–74; deceased, 62; experienced as passivity, 91;friends, 163;of letter bearer, 128;of Lucilius, 14; reminder of, 13 9 addressee: cooperation of, 29;as dramatic actor, 85;as living letter, 87;praise of, 58; respect for, 47;treated as family, 33 adoption of Lucilius’s role, limits of, 145 aemulus, 187n33 aes alienum, 104 affection, developed and expressed through letters, 70–71 alter ego/ alt erum me, 30, 33 alter parens, 33 ambition: freedom from, 160;of Seneca, 155 amicitia. See friendship Annaeus Seneca, Lucius, death of, 172 Annaeus Serenus, 171–7 2 anonymity: complement to exemplarity, 151;of a friend, 119 apologia, letter as, 72 apology, rhetoric of, 47 Aristotle, Nichomachean Ethics, 65 art of living, 25;friendship in, 123;instruction in, 155 asymmetry: in friendship, 125;social and epistolary , 91 auctoritas, 18; of Brutus, 57 audience: of apologia to Lentulus, 73;awareness of, 112;of Cicero’s letters, 118; of the Moral Epistles, 7;Senecan, circumstances of, 105 Aufidus Bassus, 133, 134 –37 , 151,159 author, identified with his book, 154–55 authority: Senecan, 145;of senatorial class, 19; shared, 145 authorship, Senecan claim to, 144 autonomy: compromised, 148; goal of, 99, 150; of a good man, 146; vs. interdependence, 110;loss of, 141 balance, in social negotiation, 111 Beard, Mary, 5 beneficiary, Cicero as, 48 beneficium fortunae, 163–64,169,196n12 beneficium. See benefit benefit: inevitability of, 147;protégé as recipient of, 80,82;promise of, 81 benefits: denial of, in friendship, 26,109;granting , as part of justice, 10 benevolentia. See good will 210 i n d e x b bond between consoler and consoled, 45,63 bootstrapping, moral, 21 Bourdieu, Pierre, 11,25,45,92 brevity of life, 13 9 Brunt, Peter, 9, 26 Brutus. See Iunius Brutus, Marcus bureaucracy, development of, 20 Catullus: consolation in, 40–41;epistolary address in, 20; friendship in, 13;poetry of, 12 characters, Seneca and Lucilius as, 132 choice, right, importance of, 128 choice, of a friend, 120 “Cicero” of Trebonius, 70 Ciceronian consolation, departures from, 16 2, 165–7 0 Ciceronian correspondence: imitation of, 152, 154,161;invocation of, 101;rhetoric and practice of, 101;utility of, 102 circulation: of favors, 80; of letters beyond addressee, 67, 73;of protégé, 82;of textual gifts, 71 Claudius Pulcher, Appius, 26,34 Claudius Marcellus, Gaius, 29 Claudius Marcellus, Marcus, 25–48; as Cicero’s benefactor, 48 closure, epistolary, 159 coercion: in gift exchange, exposed, 104; metaphorical , 109 commemoration of self, 155 commendare, 70,76 commercium epistularum, 114,190n4 0 common property, truth as, 105 commonplaces, consolatory, 40, 43,52 communion of minds, 142 community: created by correspondence, 15,158; of friends, 15;of like minds, 124;selection of, 167 , 169;sufficient, 167;of the wise, 168 companionship, imagined, 142 company, as consolation, 60 competition and cohesion, social, 11 complicity, of writer and recipient, 86–88,91 confusion of people and objects, 72,80,96 conscience: of Cicero, 54;of Lucceius, 59 consolation, letters of: for absence, 12;and advice, 46; for bereavement, 12;Catullus 68 as,40–41;creativity in, 51;to critique convention, 15;for death and political misfortunes, 41;duty of friendship, 62; eristic rhetoric in, 12,41;as gift, 15,172; meaning of reply, 44; as a philosophical instrument, 174; political motivations for, 45;presence and absence in, 16 2;qualities , 41–43;reciprocity, 51;relationship of correspondents, 61–62;replies to, 53,58; repurposed, 173;role of the deceased, 61; Senecan adaption of, 157;two modes of, 13 consolation, Senecan prose, 157 constancy: exhortation to, 43;requires display , 57 constantia. See constancy convention: rejection of, 103;undermined, 132 conversation: between friends, 131; imagined, 141;internal, 131; letters as substitute for, 5,67;as mutual evaluation, 121; philosophical , 21,134;superior to letters, 152 conversion, philosophical, of reader, 138 Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus, Publius, 15 Cornelius Lentulus, Publius, 66; benefactor of Cicero, 72;correspondence with Cicero, 72–77 correspondence: coercive potential of, 108; condemned, 100;exchange of, invoked, 111;familiar, 4; instrumentality of, 12,96; insufficiency of, 66; interchangeable with life, 107;intimacy of extended to anonymous reader, 173;made metaphorical, 128 counter-gift: book of Lucilius as, 154;expectation of, 110;gratitude and, 10,27;not specified, 83;obligatory, 150;reading as, 112,172 courtesy: burden of, 109;failure of, 94; show of, 56 Crantor of Soli, 40 creditor and debtor, positions of, 100–101 creditor: nature as, 181n9;Seneca...

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