Geology of the Ice Age National Scenic Trail

Contents

acknowledgments / xi Introduction / 3 Notes on the Ice Age Trail Segments / 5 Notes on Safety and Ice Age Trail Access / 9 An Overview of Wisconsin Geology / 10 The Driftless Area / 22 Science Briefs / 24 SB 1. Why Glaciers? Why Not? / 24 SB 2. How Do Glaciers Move? / 25 SB 3. Are All Glaciers Cold? / 26 SB 4. Scratching the Surface / 29 SB 5. Scraping Up the Rubble: The Making of Till / 31 SB 6. End Moraines / 33 SB 7. Water, Water Everywhere / 37 SB 8. Outwash and Loess / 40 SB 9. Kettles / 44 SB 10. Pitted Outwash / 47 SB 11. Hummocky Terrain / 49 SB 12. Moulin Kames / 53 SB 13. Eskers and Crevasse Fillings / 55 SB 14. Drumlins / 58 contents SB 15. Ice-Walled-Lake Plains / 61 SB 16. Glacial Lakes / 62 SB 17. Tunnel Channels / 66 SB 18. When Was the Ice Here? How Do We Know? / 69 SB 19. The Niagara Escarpment / 71 SB 20. The Ups and Downs of the Great Lakes / 71 SB 21. Rock Recognition 101 / 76 SB 22. Understanding Topographic Maps / 80 Northeast Ice Age Trail Segments / 84 1. Sturgeon Bay Segment / 86 2. Forestville Segment / 91 3. Kewaunee River Segment / 91 4. Tisch Mills Segment / 93 5. Two Creeks Buried Forest Unit of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve / 96 6. East Twin River Segment / 101 7. Mishicot Segment / 102 8. Point Beach Segment / 103 9. City of Two Rivers Segment / 107 10. Dunes Segment / 109 11. City of Manitowoc Segment / 110 Northern Kettle Moraine Ice Age Trail Segments / 114 12. La Budde Creek Segment / 118 13. Greenbush Segment / 121 14. Parnell Segment / 121 15. Milwaukee River Segment in Fond du Lac County / 128 16. Campbellsport Drumlins Unit of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve / 130 Middle Kettle Moraine Ice Age Trail Segments / 131 17. Milwaukee River Segment in Washington County / 134 18. Kewaskum Segment / 134 19. Southern Kewaskum Segment / 134 20. West Bend Segment / 138 21. Horicon Marsh Unit of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve / 138 22. Cedar Lakes Segment / 141 23. Slinger Segment / 141 24. Pike Lake Segment / 141 25. Holy Hill Segment / 142 26. Loew Lake Segment / 146 27. Monches Segment / 148 28. Merton Segment / 148 29. Hartland Segment / 150 30. Delafield Segment / 153 Southern Kettle Moraine Ice Age Trail Segments / 154 31. Lapham Peak Segment / 157 32. Waterville Segment / 160 33. Scuppernong Segment / 160 34. Eagle Segment / 164 35. Stoney Ridge Segment / 166 36. Blue Spring Lake Segment / 167 37. Blackhawk Segment / 168 38. Whitewater Lake Segment / 171 Southern Green Bay Lobe Ice Age Trail Segments / 174 39. Clover Valley Segment / 178 40. Storrs Lake Wildlife Area Segment / 178 41. Milton Segment / 179 42. Janesville to Milton Segment / 182 43. Janesville Segment / 182 44. Devil’s Staircase Segment / 184 45. Albany Segment / 187 46. Monticello Segment / 190 47. Brooklyn Wildlife Segment / 190 48. Montrose Segment / 193 49. Verona Segment / 193 50. Madison Segment / 197 51. Valley View Segment / 197 52. Cross Plains Unit of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve / 199 53. Cross Plains Segment / 205 54. Table Bluff Segment / 207 55. Indian Lake Segment / 207 56. Lodi Marsh Segment / 209 57. Eastern Lodi Marsh Segment / 211 58. City of Lodi Segment / 211 59. Groves-Pertzborn Segment / 211 60. Gibraltar Segment / 212 61. Merrimac Ferry Segment / 212 62. Merrimac Segment / 213 63. Devil’s Lake Unit of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve / 215 64. Devil’s Lake Segment / 221 65. Sauk Point Segment / 225 66. Baraboo Segment / 225 67. Portage Canal Segment / 228 68. Marquette Segment / 230 69. Mill Bluff Unit of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve and Glacial Lake Wisconsin / 231 70. John Muir Memorial Park Segment / 237 Western Green Bay Lobe Ice Age Trail Segments / 240 71. Chaffee Creek Segment / 246 72. Wedde Creek Segment / 248 73. Mecan River Segment / 248 74. Greenwood Segment / 248 75. Bohn Lake Segment / 251 76. Deerfield Segment / 252 77. Belmont–Emmons–Hartman Creek Segment / 253 78. Waupaca River Segment / 256 79. Skunk and Foster Lakes Segment / 259 80. New Hope–Iola Ski Hill Segment / 259 Northern Green Bay Lobe and Langlade Lobe Ice Age Trail Segments / 261 81. Ringle Segment / 264 82. Eau Claire Dells Segment / 268 83. Plover River Segment / 268 84. Kettlebowl Segment / 269 85. Lumbercamp Segment / 270 86. Old Railroad Segment / 273 87. Highland Lakes Eastern Segment / 276 [18.223.107.149] Project MUSE...