Engaging Modernity: Muslim Women and the Politics of Agency in Postcolonial Niger

Index

Abu Manga, Al-Amin, 9 Adamou, Koukou, 73 AFJN (Association des Femmes Juristes du Niger), 164 AFN (Association des Femmes du Niger), 164, 184 African spirituality: animism in, 143; Arna, 154, 162, 209n10; Bori (spirit possession ), 7, 63, 64, 65, 67, 132; in folktales, 143; syncretism between Islam and African spirituality, 138 Agaisha (pseudonym): brassage sahélian and, 185; on colonialism’s impact on the Tuareg, 173; on efforts to use media, 181; literacies of, 26; as political activist, 183 –84; on reprisals during Tuareg Rebellion, 181; as research subject , 25; Sahelian identity of, 178 –79; as subject of biographical investigation , 21, 23; Tuareg identity of, 185; on women’s organized contribution to Tuareg Rebellion, 182–83 agency: defined and described, 4; of female characters in folktales, 141, 145, 189; identity and, 150; independence of female children, 98; positionality and, 114; of women, 188 Ahmed, Leila, 20 AIDS. See HIV-AIDS AIN (Association Islamique du Niger), 151– 52, 156, 164 A’ishatu, Malama (Malama A’ishatu Hamani Zarmakoy Dancandu), 41; biographical information, 23 –24, 34 –35, 56; education of, 24, 34 –35, 36 –37, 188; as educator, 23 –24, 37–43, 52, 53 –55, 225 Index A’ishatu, Malama (continued) 188; Hausa identity of, 24, 34, 49 –50; hybrid cultural and linguistic identity of, 49 –51; motherhood and, 54 –55; on Nana Asma’u Dan Fodiyo, 64; pedagogy and curriculum, 53 –54; song and religious experience, 51; as subject of biographical investigation, 21, 23 –24; as Sufi leader and scholar, 24, 34 –36, 50, 55 –56; television and radio programs , 24, 35 –36, 43; Zarma identity of, 51 Ajami (traditional literacies) and alternative schools, 83 Algeria, 175, 181–82 Al-Ghazali, Zaynab, 20 Alidou, Hassana, 67 almajirrai (beggars), 15 –16 Alphadi, 157, 194, 195 Al Zeera, Zahra, 54 Arabic language: Arabization project in Algeria , 93; identity and, 96; Qur’anic schools and acquisition of, 77 Arab nationalism, 6 Arna, 154, 162, 209n10 art and artists: artists and political patronage , 102–3; dance, 113; economic insecurity of senior artists, 103 –4; griottes and griots, 7, 51, 101, 105 –6, 125; male appropriation of female artistic forms, 67, 132–33, 145, 180–81; Muslim obligation to use god-given gifts, 106; performance space (public) / domestic space (patriarchal private) and, 127; preservationof traditionalcultureby, 123; prostitution associated with artists , 127; Salif Keita and modernity, 125 –26; tende poetry and Tuareg Rebellion ,180–81.SeealsoGarba,Habsu Association des Femmes du Niger (AFN), 164, 184 Association des Femmes Juristes du Niger (AFJN), 164 Association Islamique du Niger (AIN), 151– 52, 156, 164 beauty pageants, 157, 194 beggars (almajirrai), 15 –16 Ben Wahab, Aishatou, 173; Tuareg Rebellion and, 116, 183, 184 Bernal, Victoria, 152–53 biographical investigation and research methods, 21–23, 92 birds, 143 –44 Blair, Dorothy, 143 borders, 10 Bori (spirit possession), 7, 63, 64, 65, 67, 132 Bozo, Hawa, 103 –4 brassage sahélian, 8 –11; educational brassage , 94 –96; ethnic identity and, 185; Groupe Annashuwa as cross-ethnic, 113;HabsuGarbaand,98 –99,113;identity and, 179 –80; linguistic brassage and polyglossia, 99, 113; Nigerien identity and, 28 –29; Tuareg identity and, 178 –80; Tuareg Rebellion and, 185 –86, 190; urban landscape and, 98 –99 Busia, Abena, 20 Butler, Judith, 127 cador, 14 Callaway, Barbara, 70 caravan schools, 74 caste. See class censorship:of thearts,101–2;of themedia, AIN controls, 151–52; of political content, 170 childbearing. See motherhood Chtatou, Mohamed, 69 “Cinderella”(“TheStoryof theOrphanGirl who Married the Prince of Masar”), 128; analysis of Hausa folktale, 138 –44; birds in folklore, 143 –44; excrement in folklore, 143 –44; female agency in, 189; Garba’s use of storytelling, 27–28; gender and cross-dressing in folklore, 142; magical realism in, 142–43; Masar as location of tale, 140–41; names in folktale , 138 –39; space/time and magical realism, 143; story translated, 133 –38; as subversive text, 131–32; syncretism between Islam and African spirituality revealed in, 138 –39, 144 –45 civil war. See Tuareg Rebellion class, 83 –84; caste system in Tuareg culture, 66; coalition building across classes, 20–21; dress discourse and class identity , 14 –15; education and caste, 66, 106; French language and class in francophone Africa, 91, 93, 94, 95 –96; 226 Index griottes and griots and caste ideology, 101, 105 –6; Habsu Garba and class ideologies, 88, 94, 115, 189; kuble (kulle) or seclusion and, 34; political elites and, 191; social inequality and education , 69; Tuareg...