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Index Acculturation, 148, 162; under federal policies, 152,203, 204, 207; of the Menominee, 159-60, 161-62; through military service, 159, 188-89 Adoptions, effect on group identity, 96 Agent, Indian: power on Ojibwa reservations , 166-67, 170; role in Menominee society, 163-64; and tribal government, 207 Agriculture, 14, 16,71; American and immigrant , 134-35, 154, 156; among the Sauk, 88; Fox patterns, 76, 88; Menominee , 25-26,156; Ojibwa attempts at, 196; Winnebago, 39, 56, 89, 206 AIM (American Indian Movement), 6 A'kwine'mi (Menominee chief), 159 Alcoholism, 84-85, 90,137,139,141; liqour as trade item, 83, 97-98; violence due to, 98, 141 Alexian Brothers novitiate, 6 Algonquian peoples, 64-69, 71; cultural patterns, 23-37. See also Fox; Kickapoo; Mascouten; Menominee; Miami; Ojibwa; Potawatomi; Sauk Alliances: between British and Indians, 136-37; between French and Indians, 48-52; between Indian peoples, 57, 58, 65,85,86,96. See also individual peoples Allotments: on Oneida reservation, 164-65; refused by Menominee, 203 Allouez, Claude, 14, 17, 18,61; observations of Indians, 56, 59, 74 Amata (Menominee chief), 140 American Fur Company, 134, 138, 139, 239n30 American Indian Chicago Conference (1961),4,210 American Indian Movement (AIM), 6 American Revolution, effect on BritishIndian relations, 83-85 Amherst, Lord Jeffrey, 79, 83 Andre, Louis, 61 Annuity payments, 134, 142, 159, 165; used for liqour, 141, 148; used for trader goods, 139, 141 Archiquette, John (Oneida), 164 Army, U.S.: attempts to police Wisconsin Territory, 126, 128; removal of Winnebago to Nebraska, 171; Wisconsin Indians' service, 159, 197-98, illus. 188-90 Ashland, Wis., 168 Assiniboin, 67 Assemblies, colonial, Indian policies, 81, 83 Astor, John Jacob, 134 Atkinson, Henry, 132 Bad River reservation, 195 Balfour, Captain, 78 Band system: adopted by the Menominee, 63; among the Fox, 75-76; in Ojibwa culture, 31, 93, 98 Bark, uses made by Indians, 18,25,27 Baskets, sales to tourists, 196, iI/us. 183 Bear Clan: role in Menominee culture, 23-24,26, 159; role in Winnebago culture, 24, 40-41 277 Copyrighted Material Index Bear meat, preservation, 42-43 Beaver, extinction, 92-93, 135 Beaver skins. See Fur Trade Berkhofer, Robert F.; 195 BIA. See Bureau of Indian Affairs Biotic zones, Wisconsin, 13-18 Black Bird (Ojibwa chief), 168 Black Hawk War (1832),129,131,146 Black robes. See Jesuits Blueberries, wild, sale of, 206 Bouquet, Henry, 79 Boyd, George, 138, 140, 142 British, the, 50, 75; colonial American Indian policies, 80, 81-83, 152; effect of American Revolution on Indian relations , 83-85; Ojibwa as allies, 136-37; post-1815 influence in Wisconsin, 134-35, 145 Brotherton Indians, 21; villages, map 130 Brothertown Indians, 21,164-66 Buffalo, 15, 16,58,88; communal hunts for, 25, 37, 39, 41-42 Buffalo clan (Winnebago) spring feast lodge, illus. 118 Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), 198; intervention in Stockbridge disputes, 166; lumbering policies, 160-61, 168; removal to urban areas policies, 4, 208, 210; restructuring of, 199-208 Callendar, Charles, 24, 222n6 Campbell, Donald, 79 Cannibal giants (Windigos), tales, 35 Canoes, 17,33,44,71,89 Carron (Vieux Carron), 95, 96 Carver, Jonathan, 14-15, 88, 93, 95 Cass, Lewis, 134, 137, 138, 236n2 Cavill,]. c., 201 Central Algonquian Pattern, 23-37, 69, 71,222nn6,10 Ceremonies, 24; decline in early 20thcentury , 197, 202; importance among the Winnebago, 205-6; pipe, illus. 113. See also Dream Dance; Midewiwin; Ritual practices Champlain, Samuel de, 48 Charms, hunting, 27 Chequamegon: as Indian center, 65, 66-68, 74; Ojibwa at, 67-69, 92, 93, 102 Chicago, opportunities for Indians in, 4, 7 Chicago Indian Center, 4 Chicago Indian Village, 4 Chiefs: among the Potawatomi, 73, 89-90; among the Winnebago, 38, 225n45; changing roles, 23-25, 26, 47,175, 222n14; Fox war and peace chiefs, 75-76; and IRA tribal government plan, 201; liquor consumption by, 139, 141; manipulation by outside forces, 95-97, 105,139-40,213; powers on Ojibwa reservations, 166-68 Children: early 20th-century infant mortality , 195; effect of conflicts on, 55, 226n22; of mixed blood, 62. See also Schools, Indian Chippewa. See Ojibwa Chiwere-5iouan Cultures, 37-43 Christianity, 76, 165, 197; among the Ojibwa, 147, 151, 168; division among Menominee, 159; French Jesuit missionary activities, 60-62, 65, 66-67, 136, 228n50 Citizen Party, as Stockbridge Indians division , 165-66 Citizenship, U.S., 198, illus. 188 Citizens League for Equal rights, 7-8 Civilian Conservation Corps (Ccq, 201 Civilization Fund (1819), 152 Civil War, Menominee...

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