Healing and Society in Medieval England: A Middle English Translation of the Pharmaceutical Writings of Gilbertus Anglicus

Contents

Contents Preface Introduction I. Historical Background A. Theoretical Justifications for Pharmaceutical Practices B. Pharmacy, Medicine, and Commerce II. The Practice of Medicine in the Middle English Gilbertus Anglicus A. Anatomy B. Physiology C. Diagnosis D. Therapeutics E. Preparation of Medicines III. The Middle English Gilbertus Anglicus and Its Relationship to Middle English Recipe Collections IV. The Middle English Gilbertus Anglicus as a Translation A. The Mechanics of Translation: A Comparison of xi xv XV111 XXII xxxi xxxii XXXIV XXXVI XXXVIll xli the Middle English and Latin Texts xliv B. Neologism in the Middle English Gilbertus Anglicus xlviii C. The Lexicon of the Middle English Gilbertus Anglicus xlix D. Modification of the Middle English Gilbertus Anglicus by the Copyist of Wellcome MS 537: The Removal of References to Diseases of Women and Children V. Gilbertus Anglicus and the Latin Text A. The Writings of Gilbertus Anglicus B. Gilbertus Anglicus and His Reputation VI. Description of the Manuscript A. Binding Ii liii liv lvi vii viii MIDDLE ENGLISH GILBERTUS ANGLICUS B. Physical Description lvii C. Contents of the Manuscript lviii D. Watermarks lxii E. Dating and Script lxii F. Provenance lxiii G. Scribal Correction and Glossing lxiii H. Dialect and Orthographical Peculiarities lxiv VII. Editing the Manuscript A. Editorial Procedures lxv B. Transcription Procedures lxvii VIII. The Middle English Gilbertus Anglicus as Part of a Compendium lxviii A. MSS Containing the Middle English Gilbertus Anglicus with the Incipit A mon pat woll help men in her ~kenesses lxEK B. MSS Containing the Middle English Gilbertus Anglicus with the Incipit Scotomy is such lxx IX. Conclusion lxxii The Middle English Gilbertus Anglicus from Wellcome MS 537 Chapter I: The Head 1. Headache 1 2. Other Sicknesses of the Head 6 3. Frenzy 10 4. Mania 13 5. Lethargy 16 6. Epilepsy 20 7. Apoplexy 27 Chapter II: The Eyes 1. Ache of the Eyes 32 2. Ophthalmia 44 3. Web, Cloth, and Nail 51 4. Red Eyes 54 5. Watery Eyes 57 6. Canker of the Eye 58 7. Injury to the Cornea 58 8. Feebleness of the Sight 59 Chapter III: The Eyelids and Lashes 62 Chapter IV: The Ears 1. Earache 64 2. Apostem of the Ear 68 3. Flowing of Blood at the Ears 71 4. Worms in the Ears 73 5. Ringing in the Ears 74 6. Deafness 76 Chapter V: The Nose 1. The Pose 78 2. Stinking of the Nostrils 82 3. Nosebleed 83 4. Gutta Rosacea Chapter VI: The Mouth 1. Cracked Lips CONTENTS 2. Stinking of the Mouth Chapter VII: The Teeth 1. Toothache 2. Worms in the Teeth 3. Rotting of the Teeth Chapter VIII: The Tongue and Throat 1. The Tongue 2. Quinsy Chapter IX: The Upper Chest 1. Hoarseness 2. Stricture of the Breast 3. The Cough Chapter X: The Lungs 1. Apostem 2. Spitting of Blood 3. Spitting of Gleet 4. Phthisis 5. Difficulty in Breathing Chapter XI: The Heart 1. The Cardiacle 2. Syncope Chapter XII: The Stomach 1. Difficulty in Swallowing 2. Defective Appetite 3. Lack of Thirst 4. Excessive Thirst 5. Burping 6. Hiccups 7. Vomiting 8. To Stop Vomiting 9. The Mouth of the Stomach 10. Stomach Ache 11. Apostem of the Stomach 12. Colic of the Stomach Chapter XIII: The Guts 1. Dysentery 2. Bloody Flux 3. Diarrhea 4. Lienteria 5. Colic 6. Worms in the Guts 7. Tenesmus 8. Prolapsed Rectum Chapter XIV: The Liver 1. Distemper of the Liver 2. Stopping of the Liver ix 86 87 89 91 94 96 97 101 105 110 112 120 128 132 134 141 143 149 153 156 160 160 162 165 168 174 176 177 183 187 190 197 199 200 201 207 211 213 215 223 x MIDDLE ENGLISH GILBERTUS ANGLICUS 3. Apostem of the Liver Chapter XV: The Spleen Chapter XVI: The Kidneys 1. Ache of the Kidneys 2. Apostem of the Kidneys 3. Stones in the Kidneys and Bladder Chapter XVII: The Bladder 1. Strangury 2. Pissing of Blood 3. Diabetes 4. Urinary Incontinence 5. The Siphac Chapter XVIII: The Penis 1. Satyriasis 2. Gonorrhea 3. Pimples and Apostems 4. Swelling of the Scrotum Chapter XIX: Hemorrhoids Commentary Glossary Alphabetical List of Plants by Genus Bibliography 228 231 244 248 250 254 257 260 264 266 271 272 274 276 278 289 311 362 370 ...