Companion to A Sand County Almanac: Interpretive and Critical Essays

Index

Index A-B cleavage: a pilgrim's progress relating to, IO-II, 221-32; section of "The Land Ethic," 136, 17+, 182, 200-201 Acid rain, 239, 2+2 Aesthetics: Leopold's land/environmental , 9, 157-71; natural, 157-58, 163-69; picturesque, 159-60, 161-62, 169, 170m. See also Beauty; "Conservation Esthetic" Aiken, William, 206 Alaska Native Lands Act, 2+0 Albuquerque Chamber ofCommerce ,30 "Alder Fork, The" (Leopold), I07, 279 Alfred A. Knopf, 7, 92-9+, 96-97, 98-I02, I03, I05, II3, 277 Allusion, Leopold's uses of, II7-18, 120 Almanac idea: in Leopold's essays, based on shack experience, 58, 96, 97, IOO-lOI, I03, IO+, 287, 288 (see also titles ofessays by name of month); in other nature writing, II3-1+ Altruism, 72, 189, 198 American Association for the Advancement ofScience (AAAS), 173 Analogies: in Almanac, 12+, 131, 132, 153, 161-62. See also Metaphors Animals, liberation or rights of, 6-7, II, 63-88, 196-98 295 Anthropocentrism, 66, 69-70 Anthropology, studies ofethics in, 192-93 Antivivisectionism, 68-69, 71 Apache National Forest, 26-27 Archetypal images, in Almanac, 12+, 13+ Arguments (Almanac's): respecting the land ethic, 9, 172-85; primaty, 130, 137, 139; from implicit to explicit , 135, 137-38; about ecosystems , 137-38, 181. See also Ecological arguments "Ariwna and New Mexico" (Leopold), 13+ Art appreciation, Leopold analogy to, 161-62 Attfield, Robin, 187, 21+-15/U Audubon Society, II, 239-+0 Austin, Maty, 233 "Ave Maria" (Leopold), I02, I07 "Axe-in-Hand" (Leopold), I02, 279 Bailey, Liberty Hyde, 73 Beauty: Leopold's sense of, 120-21, 158, 160-61, 167, 168, 18+; traditional appreciations of, 158-60; human experience of natural landscape 's, 160-61; of bogs, 165-66. See also Aesthetics (environmental ); "Conservation Esthetic" Bentham, Jeremy, 197 Bergere, Estella, 28-30, 32-33 Index Bible (environmentalism's), Almanac as, 3-4, 233. See also Prophet, Leopold as Biosocial concept, 141; in evolutionary analysis of ethics, 199, 207-8, 21I (see also Darwin, Charles); historical anomalies in theoretical foundations of, 209-10 Biosphere (whole), moral consideration of. See Ethics; Holism Biota (the), Leopold on, 262 Biotic community: ecological paradigm of, 139-45, 181-82, 194-96, 198-99, 200, 202; humans as members of, 207, 210-1I; questions of respect for nonhuman members of, 208-14 (see also Ethics ; Rights); Leopold on right and wrong relative to, 228, 246; ecosystem and, 246, 265-68; no shared needs by members of, 252; meaning of, 256. See also Ecology; Food chains; Holism; Land pyramid Biotic rights, ofspecies. See Rights "Biotic View of Land, N' (Leopold), 104,173-74,175,181-82 Birds, Leopold's studies of, 21-25, 36,59-60 Bogs, beauty of, 165-66 Boone, Daniel, 164 Bradley, Nina Leopold, 12 Brennan, Andrew, 272 British Empiricists, 163- 64 Bulletin ofthe Garden Club ofAmerica ,I74 Burford, Anne Gorsuch, 239, 240 "Bur Oak" (Leopold), 92, 280114 Burroughs, John, II2, 1I6, 287 Callicott, J. Baird, 3-13, 68-69, 75, 80, 82, 8S-86n17, 120, 157-71, 186-217 Carlson, Allen, 157n Carson National Forest, 27-29 Carter, Jinrmy, 240 296 Carver, Jonathan, 106 Category mistakes, 262, 264, 271 Central Wisconsin Conservation Area, 50 Central Wisconsin Foundation, 50 Chamberlain, Neville, 126 "Cheat Takes Over" (Leopold), 287 "Choral Copse, The" (Leopold), 102, 107, 279 Christianity, 176, 199; anthropocentrism of, 70 Civilian Conservation Corps, 34 Civilization, evolution toward, 210- II. See also Culture "Clandeboye" (Leopold), 97, 286 Classics (literary): Almanac as, 8, 1I0-27, 129; other natural history, IIO, 1I3- 14 (see also individual authors) Clements, Frederic, 200, 246 Climax, of"The Land Ethic," 18384 ,186 Coevolution, 250-51 Cole, Thomas,' 1I2 Colorado River Delta, 31, 1I8-19 Common Good (the): rights ofindividuals and, 13114, 197-98, 202, 205-14,248-49,263-72; ecosystems and, 262-68. See also Public domain Community/ies (concept of): land ethic and, 10, 63, 173-75, 177-79, 183-84; intellectual history of, 63-65,71; in "Thinking Like a Mountain," 126; ethics and, 19198 passim, 200,205-14; organism analogy abandoned in favor of analogy of, 202; ecosystems and, 255-56; as ideographic and nomothetic, 262. See also Biotic community; Ecology; Holism, Humans; Land communities; Land pyramid Community-individual relations, 13114, 139-44, 153, 197-98, 202, Index 205-14-,24-8-4-9,263-72. See also Altruism; Culture; Ethics; Humans ; Rights Competition. See Conflicts Complexity, ofecosystems, 253-55 Compression, concentration...