Life as Surplus: Biotechnology and Capitalism in the Neoliberal Era

Index

Achmat, Zackie, 57 acts of God. See catastrophe risk Agamben, Giorgio, 63, 98, 192n7 Aglietta, Michel, 23, 192n3 AIDS. See HIV/AIDS Ammerman, Nancy T., 191n2 Anderson, Philip W., 44 animation, 106–11; cinematography and, 107, 109–110; resurrection and, 125; suspended, 13, 109–10, 125, 127 anthrax, 74, 87, 94 Aquinas, Thomas, 158–59, 192n4 Aradau, Claudia, 183n14 archaea, 34 Aristotle, 5, 15 Arnott, Jayne, 183n24 Arrighi, Giovanni, 19, 29, 58, 179n3 Arrow, Kenneth J., 44 Arthur, Brian W., 44 Ashcroft, Frances, 34 Ashforth, Adam, 71, 183n19 assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). See reproductive medicine astrobiology, 21, 40–41, 181n26 Auger, Francois A., 187n6 automata, 106, 109 autopoiesis, 35, 38. See also capital; selforganization Avant, Deborah D., 185n20 avian flu, 94 Bacher, Jamie M., 91 bacterial recombination, 33–35. See also horizontal gene transfer Bak, Per, 38 212 Index Bakker, Isabella, 59, 135 Bauman, Zygmunt, 60 Bayh-Dole Act, 27 Bell, Daniel, 17, 176 Benjamin, Walter, 193n10 Bensaïd, Daniel, 179n2 Bergson, Henri, 181n22 Beveridge, William, 8 Bichat, Xavier, 5–6 Biggers, J. D., 134 Bigo, Didier, 182n13 Billingham, R. E., 125 biochemistry, 105 biodefense research: BioShield project and, 93, 186n25; incorporation into public health, 93, 97–98; in United States, 91– 92, 97–98. See also biological warfare bioeconomy, 18–21, 25, 45–48, 149, 175; as response to oil depletion, 47–50 biofuels, 41, 49 biogeochemistry, 35 Biological and Toxins Weapons Convention (BTWC), 84, 86, 184n8 biological security, 63–67, 70, 72, 80 biological sensors, 91 biological warfare, 93, 101; history of U.S. policy on, 84–88; South African program in, 68. See also biodefense research biology: historical development of, 5–7, 31–34; mechanistic theory of, 104, 106– 11, 115. See also animation; developmental biology; life sciences; microbiology ; molecular biology biomedical technology. See biotechnology industry biopolitics, 5, 7–11; in China, 176; developmentalism and, 62; neoliberalism and, 8–11, 54–55, 150; welfare state and, 7–9 bioreactor, 112, 123 bioremediation, 23, 35, 40, 45–47, 101 biosciences. See life sciences BioShield project, 93, 186n25 biosphere, theory of, 35, 36–37, 41, 47, 77 biotechnology, 32–34; Fordist modes of production in, 121–22; industrial biotechnology , 48; post-Fordist modes of production in, 121–24 biotechnology industry: China and, 175–76; India and, 175–76; post-industrial production and, 21–25; promissory nature of, 26, 28, 34, 140–42; in U.S., 11–12, 25–29 bioterrorism, 74–75, 85, 91–92; affective dimensions of, 88. See also biological warfare biowarfare. See biological warfare Blaug, Mark, 192n4 Block, Steven M., 87 blood, public banking of, 106, 177n5 Bond, Patrick, 70 Borger, Julian, 153 born-again movement, 168–73. See also regeneration, Protestant theory of Bougen, Philip D., 184n5 Boutros-Ghali, Boutros, 63, 64 Boyd, William, 188n3 Braithwaite, John, 56, 179n4, 179n6, 182nn6–7 Brenner, Robert, 96, 192n8 Breton, Régis, 23 Brimelow, A., 189n13 Brink, Linda, 184n4 Broad, William, 87, 91, 186n27 Brower, Jennifer, 93, 98, 184n3 Buell, Frederick, 41, 179n1 Buffon, Comte Georges-Louis Leclerc de, 5 Burbaum, Jonathon, 179n9 Bush, George, Sr., 92, 93 Bush, George W., 12, 48, 49, 73, 74, 84, Index 213 ❒ 86, 93, 97–98, 152–57, 163, 171, 192n2 Business Week, 43 Buttel, Frederick H., 179n5, 179n8 Cache, Bernard, 105, 121, 123–24 Caffentzis, George, 186n21 Calvinism, 160. See also Protestantism cancer, 137–40; overproduction and, 125. See also teratocarcinoma Canguilhem, Georges, 106–7, 111 capital: self-regeneration of, 149–50, 154, 167. See also autopoiesis; selforganization capitalism: as cult, 165; crisis and, 20, 60–61; faith and, 165–68; promise and, 58, 60–61, specificity of value creation in, 159; tensions of, 25, 49, 58; United States as global focal point of, 28–29, 58, 163; world space-time of, 19–20, 180n22 Caplan, Arnold I., 121 Carrel, Alexis, 109–10, 187n2 Carter, Ashton B., 184nn9–10, 184n13 Carter, Jimmy, 26 catastrophe bonds, 4, 85, 98–99 catastrophe event: as environmental disaster , 82; in morphogenesis, 120 catastrophe risk, 81–85, 95; as act of God, 100; affective dimensions of, 83, 184n5 catastrophic terrorism, 87, 184nn9–10 catastrophism: biological and social, 10–11; in complexity theory, 38–39, 42–43; in evolutionary theory, 38, 45 Celera Genomics, 47 cell theory, 137; cancer and, 137–38; ideas of potentiality in, 137 Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), 51, 93 Chalk, Peter, 93, 98, 184n3 Chemical and Biological Arms Control Institute (CBACI), 51 Cheney, Dick, 98 Chesnais, François, 180n19 Chicago School of Economics, 9. See also neoliberalism Chichilnisky...