Faith in Nature: Environmentalism as Religious Quest

Index

index 199 Abbey, Edward, 80–82, 121 abolition movement, 104–5 Adams, Ansel, 58, 73, 82, 140 Agassiz, Louis, 45, 50 agrarianism, 111–15 Albanese, Catherine, 45 Americanism, as secular religion, 18– 29, 31–35, 65, 159, 165 American Society for Environmental History, 87 American Way of Life, 33–34, 39, 165 Amicus Journal (now One-Earth), 107 anti-environmentalism, 40, 124, 144, 150–53, 163–65 and wilderness, 135, 160 apocalypse, 96–100, 123 Aquinas, St. Thomas, 24, 117 Audubon, 103 Audubon Society (National Association of Audubon Societies), 60, 101 autonomous individual, 150, 154–58 Backes, David, 76–77 Bailey, Liberty Hyde, 37, 62–63, 65 Berry, Wendell, 111, 113–14, 157–58, 165 Beston, Henry, 44, 59 Bible, 5, 27, 29, 37, 51, 63, 68, 89, 148 biogeography, 45, 54 biophilia, 25–26 bioregionalism, 39, 97, 126, 150, 160 and new life, 105, 108–15, 141, 156–58, 167 Bookchin, Jeremy, 167 Botkin, Daniel, 130, 160–61 Brainerd, John W., 137 Brower, David, 58, 79–80, 101 Buddhism, 93, 111, 132–33 Burke, Edmund, 132 Burroughs, John, 9, 38, 44, 54–56, 75 Callenbach, Ernest, 98 Callicott, J. Baird, 90 Campbell, Joseph, 57 canyon lands, 79 capitalism. See economics Carhart, Arthur, 72–73 Carson, Rachel, 14–16, 40, 59, 66, 95, 118, 140, 142 Catholicism, 6–8, 108 Christianity, 39, 46, 52, 57, 132–33, 139, 158 and environmentalism, 37, 108, 113, 117, 119–21, 166–69 Closing Circle (Commoner), 100, 168 Club of Rome, 40, 100, 128 CoEvolution Quarterly, 110, 141 Cohen, Michael, 82, 87 Colorado River, 79–81 Commoner, Barry, 100, 118, 133, 167 Communism, 19, 34, 115, 120, 130 community, concept of, 126, 131, 145–46, 154–58, 167–68 Confessions of an Eco-Warrior (Foreman ), 86 conquest of nature, 15, 165 conservation, 62–63, 74, 125–26, 151, 172 Consilience (Wilson), 21, 28, 29 Consumer’s Guide to Effective Environmental Choices (Brower and Leon), 107 consumer society, 92, 99, 149–52 Cosmos (Humboldt), 27, 50 Cosmos (Sagan), 27 counterculture, 86, 96–99, 102–3, 109, 124, 170–71 “Criticism of the Booster Spirit” (Leopold), 64 Cronon, William, 5, 71, 86–90, 160, 171 Cuyahoga River, 14, 96 Darwin, Charles and conventional religion, 27, 38, 56, 168 Index 200 and natural history, 22, 44 and nature religion, 51–52, 54, 59 Darwinian evolution, 38, 40, 52, 56–57, 119 Dawkins, Richard, 24 DDT, 14, 97, 118–19, 124, 154, 169 de Chardin, Teilhard, 77 Declaration of Independence, 21, 156 deep ecology, 115–17, 160–61 Defenders of Wildlife, 143 Demon-Haunted World (Sagan), 27 Dennett, Daniel, 24 Desert Solitaire (Abbey), 84 Devall, Bill, 116–17, 162 Dillard, Annie, 24, 45, 59, 138 Dinosaur National Monument, 79–80 Douglas, Mary, 37 Douglas, William O., 81 Dust Bowl, 61 Dyson, Freeman, 166 Earth Day, 14, 40, 84, 96 Earth First!, 84–85 Easterbrook, Gregg, 31, 143–44, 164 Echo Park, 79, 101 Ecodefense (Foreman and Haywood), 85–86 ecofeminism, 161 ecology in environmental movement, 37, 61, 109, 118–19, 141–42, 153, 167 as moral guide, 45, 63–67, 86, 94, 123 and popular understanding, 40, 95–97, 101–2 as science, 40, 42, 45, 56, 64, 70–71 shaping popular understanding, 70–71, 95–97, 101–2 values in, 74–78 Ecology, Community, and Lifestyle (Naess), 116 economics, 86, 100, 127–35, 165 Economist, 31, 144 ecotage, 84–86 Ecotopia (Callenbach), 97–99, 150 ecotourism, 92 Ehrlich, Paul, 100, 119 Einstein, Albert, 29, 80 Eiseley, Loren, 8, 58–59, 82–84 Eliade, Mirceau, 24 Ellis, Jeffrey, 115 Elton, Charles, 74 Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 59, 70–71, 75, 167 influence of, 40, 42, 44, 46–50, 55, 80, 90 Emerson: The Mind on Fire (Richardson ), 49 endangered species protection, 140–41 End of Nature (McKibben), 144 Enlightenment, 11, 20, 28 Environmental Defense Fund, 101, 118 Environmental History, 87 environmentalism, 11, 53, 54 development of, 35–41, 95–123 divided, 101–2, 115, 124–25 Index 201 radical action, 5, 84–85, 125 as reform, 42 as religious response, 5–6, 11, 17– 20, 35–42, 65, 102–5, 120–22, 162–72 environmental philosophy, 105, 115 Essay Concerning Population (Malthus), 130 Essential Aldo Leopold (Meine and Knight), 65, 140 E/The Environmental Magazine, 107 Everson, William, 57, 60 evolution, 42, 59–61, 66–67. See also Darwinian evolution Excesses of God (Everson), 58 Foreman, Dave, 10–11, 85–86, 88, 167 Forest Service (United States Forest Service), 63–64, 67, 70, 72 freedom, 126, 154–59...