A Storied Wilderness: Rewilding the Apostle Islands

Index

307 Index A. Booth Packing Company, 133; and collapse of whitefish fishery, 85–87; and commercial fishing, 68–69, 79–82, 85–87, 129, 156, 162; and Ojibwe, 81–82; and state authority, 79–82; and tourism, 91, 138, 140 Acadia National Park, 154 Adirondack Mountains, 20, 102, 123, 137 AINL. See Apostle Islands National Lakeshore Albright, Horace, 154 Alcatraz Island, 187 Alice Craig (boat), 62, 65 allotment, 47–54 American Fur Company, 66, 97, 108 American Indian Movement, 187 Amnicon Falls State Park, 172 Anderson family, 107 Anderson/Rice family, 197, 226 Apostle Islands (boat), 133, 140 Apostle Islands Indian Pageant, 110–13, 152 Apostle Islands National Lakeshore (AINL), 4, 155, 228; appeal of, 3–5; and boundaries, 9, 54–55, 178–80, 187–88, 192–94, 198–99, 201–2, 206, 216, 220–21, 225–26, 229; congressional debates over, 179, 182–83, 185, 187–88, 194, 205; and consumer society, 11–12, 151, 206–7, 229; and cultural resource management, 17–18, 121–23, 192, 210, 214–17, 220–21, 227–31; designation of, 7, 11, 14, 188; and economic development, 176–78, 181–84, 195–96, 199, 202–3; and fire management, 44–45, 54–55, 57–58; and first park proposal (1929–1933), 6–7, 23, 150, 153–54, 156, 170, 266n9; and land acquisition, 11, 149–50, 191, 193–201, 276n2; and lighthouses, 57, Page numbers in italics refer to images and maps. 308 index 119, 191, 214, 226; and logging industry , 7, 23, 195–97; motivations for, 152–53, 175–77, 180–84, 189, 201–2; and Ojibwe, 46, 54–55, 150, 152, 175–78, 184–88, 199–201; and privatization of land within AINL, 197–98; resistance to, 13, 149–52, 175, 178–81, 184, 186–88, 194–97, 200, 274n64, 274n65; and rewilding, 9, 13–14, 17–19, 25–26, 34–35, 44–45, 55, 58, 120–22, 189–90, 206, 208–14, 218, 220, 223–24, 227, 229–30; and roads, 153, 181, 202–3; and science/ecology, 182–83, 209, 218; and tourism, 11, 150–53, 175–77, 180–81, 183–85, 191, 199–203, 206–7, 209–10, 212, 214, 218, 226, 229, 231; and wilderness designation, 7, 55, 120–23, 205–6, 211, 225, 227, 229, 283n7; and the wilderness ideal, 201, 204, 206–7, 209–10, 212, 218; and wilderness management, 7, 14, 17–18, 25–26, 44–45, 54–55, 58, 120–22, 151, 192–94, 200–230 passim; and wilderness suitability study, 120, 205–6, 225–27 Apostle Islands National Park Committee , 152–54 Apostle Islands Residents Committee, 179–80 Apostle Islands State Forest: and AINL, 175, 178, 181, 202; and Big Bay State Park, 171–72; and commercial fishing , 173; designation of, 170; and lake trout, 173; and land acquisition, 165, 167–70, 277n16; management of, 172; movement for, 165, 167–69; and NPS, 156; opposition to, 168–71; and sport fishing, 173 Apostle Islands Unit, 177 Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, 20 Armstrong, Benjamin, 216 artificial propagation (pisciculture), 76; and fishermen, 74–76, 79, 103; and fish hatcheries, 75, 102–3, 176; and game fish, 100–104, 156; and lake trout, 8, 75, 162, 173–74, 217; and rainbow smelt, 161; and recovery of Lake Superior fishery, 88–89, 173–74; and the shaping of environments, 8, 102, 104–5, 136, 217, 251n41; and whitefish, 75; and WFC, 60, 74–76, 100–101, 103 Ashland Brown Stone Company, 38 Ashland County Board, 13, 169–71, 181 Ashland County Land Use Planning Committee, 118 Ashland Daily Press, 96, 141, 153 Ashland Rod and Gun Club, 180, 274n64 Aspinall, Wayne, 188 assimilation, 46–48, 53, 55 auto campers, 11, 111–12 Bad River Band: and AINL, 54, 150, 175– 77, 184–88, 200; and allotment, 48; and BIA, 48; and economic development , 184; and fishing, 67, 82; forests of, 54; and logging industry, 48–49, 246n67; and tourism, 98; and treaty rights, 82, 185–88. See also Bad River Tribal Council Bad River/Kakagon Sloughs, 46, 176, 180 Bad River reservation, 46, 48–49, 54, 98, 175, 177, 184–86, 200 Bad River Tribal Council, 176–77, 184, 186, 200 Bad River Unit. See Kakagon Sloughs– Bad River Unit Baker, Rolla, 77 index 309 balsam fir, 4, 25, 27, 54, 144, 146 Barker (boat), 69 Basswood Island: and AINL, 5, 8, 120– 23, 198, 204, 221, 227–29; and Apostle Islands State Forest...