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Appendix THE FIRST FAMILIES OF SHIRAZ An important feature of Shirazi society was the continuity and stability of its leading families. In other regions of Iran the destruction and turmoil that accompanied the Mongol invasions of the thirteenth century— and their chaotic aftermath—wiped out many ancient aristocratic families. In Shiraz, however, most of the leading families preserved their wealth and influence through the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries despite recurrent, violent political changes. Such social stability in a violent age testifies both to the adaptability of the Shirazi aristocrats (who could retain their influence through frequent changes of ruler) and to the foresight of the rulers themselves, who, whatever their faults, could see the benefit of keeping the local aristocracy and social structure intact. The genealogies in this section reveal both the continuity of the leading Shirazi families and the network of their relationships, at least among the men of these families.The sources provide very little information about the female side, saying only, “He married a daughter of so-and-so,” or “He studied with so-and-so, his maternal uncle.” Female names occur only in those rare instances where the woman herself ranked among the saints or scholars.Even among the males,the available sources do not always spell out exact family relationships.1 The order of a person’s nasab may vary according to the source used, and there is often confusion over the exact form of names—for example, Mahmud in one source may be Mohammad in another.A nasab sometimes refers to an individual’s father, sometimes to a more distant ancestor.2 The genealogies of three aristocratic clans, each representing a diªerent kind of noble family in fourteenth century Shiraz, are worth considering in detail.The Baghnovis were most famous as preachers and sufi masters, with an extensive, well-documented network of marriage relationships with other aristocratic families of Shiraz. The Fali-Sirafis were best known as teachers and judges, who held a position so lofty that they did not marry into the local nobility.The Alavi-Mohammadis were prestigious local seyyeds,who intermarried mostly with other families of Alavis. THE BAGHNOVIS Because this was the family of the author of Shadd al-Izar, we have extensive information about its members.This family claimed Arab origins and traced its ancestry to the Qoreish tribe and to Omar, the second caliph. It held charters from the Omayyad caliph Omar b. Abd al-Aziz and from the Buyid ruler Azod al-Dowleh.Originally landowners in Fasa,the first of the family to settle in Shiraz was Sheikh Zein al-Din Mozaªar b.Ruzbehan b. Taher, who made his home there during the second half of the twelfth century. Sheikh Mozaªar was most famous as a preacher in the Old Congregational Mosque and in the rabat of Sheikh Abu Zare’ Ardabili , and as a teacher in the Bagh-e-Now mosque. He associated with the Salghurid Atabek Tekleh b.Mowdud (r.ca.1175–95) and in his preaching used to tell the rulers, “O Turks, do this and refrain from that!” Although Sheikh Zein al-Din Mozaªar resided in the Jame’ Atiq area, at his death in 1207 he was buried in the Bagh-e-Now district.3 It was from this association with the latter area that his descendants took their nesbat of Baghnovi. The true patriarch of the Shiraz Baghnovis,however,was Sheikh Zein al-Din’s grandson, Sheikh Sadr al-Din Abu Mo’ali Mozaªar b. Mohammad (d. 1289). Unlike his grandfather, who had traveled widely in Iraq, Arabia, India, and Syria, Sheikh Sadr al-Din spent most of his life in Shiraz , where he studied under the leading teachers of the time, including Qazi Majd al-Din Esma’il Fali,Qazi Jamal al-Din Mesri,Mowlana Emam al-Din Beiza’i,and the sufi leader Sheikh Mo’in al-Din Abdullah Kathki.4 The ruler, Atabek Abu Bakr, greatly respected him, and oªered him his father’s post of va’ez (preacher) of the Old Congregational Mosque.Sheikh Sadr al-Din, however, refused the appointment, preferring to preach in the smaller, humbler mosque of Bagh-e-Now. Sheikh Sadr al-Din Mozaªar was most famous as a scholar and a preacher. He also acquired sufi connections by marrying a descendant of the Sheikh al-Shoyukh,Abu al-Hosein Ahmad b.Salbeh Beiza’i (d.1023), 126 Appendix [3.149.213.209...

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