Index
Note: page numbers in italics refer to illustrations and photographs. Abies amabilis (silver fir), 107, 109, 137 Abies grandis (grand fir), 109, 110, 136, 181–82 abundance of natural resources, 5, 11 Acer macrophyllum (broad-leaf maple), 108, 136 Achillea millefolium (yarrow), 110, 136, 139, 277 Adams, James, 159 adaptive syndrome of domestication, 51 adhesive materials, 109 Adiantum pedatum (maidenhair fern), 277 Admiralty Islands, 287–88, 290–92 “affluent” hunter-gatherers, 38. See also complex hunter-gatherers agricultural origins and development. See also “middle ground” food production Coast Salish arguments, 188–91 dualistic assumption, 39–42, 70–71, 333 “era of incipient agriculture,” 57–59 innovation and, 191 intensification and, 70–72 models of, 7 speed of transition, 53–54 tobacco horticulture and, 286 agriculture. See also cultivation on Northwest Coast; “middle ground” food production boundary of, 44–46 destruction of resources by, 268 European model of, 5, 14–15 “incipient,” 57–59 indigenous perspective on development of, x agroecosystems, 15–16 Alaska. See Tlingit plant use and horticulture Alaska blueberry (Vaccinium alaskaense), 138, 224, 281 Alaska Heritage Resources Survey (AHRS), 289–90 alcohol production, with potatoes, 289 alder, red (Alnus rubra) in anthropogenic landscapes, 136, 137, 138 management practices, 107, 108, 110 value of, 150n4 at village sites, 145 alder (Alnus spp.), 109 Alectoria sarmentosa (old man’s beard lichen), 109, 137 algae, marine, 107 Älhquntä (supernatural being), 158 Allium cernuum (nodding onion), 136 alluvial floodplains, 138 Alnus rubra. See alder, red Alnus spp. (alder), 109 alpine-azalea (Loiseleuria procumbens), 278 Alpine Tundra biogeoclimatic zone, 10 Amelanchier spp. (Saskatoon or serviceberry ), 277 American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 29 American bulrush (“three-square”) (Schoenoplectus olneyi), 126 Ames, Kenneth M., 67–100, 101 Anderson, Margaret, 251–52 Angoon Tlingit, 284, 287–88, 289, 293, 294 381 Index Angus, Gelen, 225 animal management practices, 19 animal resources, interaction with plant resources, 148 anthropology cultivation discounted in, 5, 21–27, 319–21 fragmentary ethnographic data, 20–21 reconstruction of native culture, 188–89 reevaluation of orthodoxy, 335 Aquilegia formosa (red columbine), 109 Arabis hirsuta (hairy rock cress), 277 Arabis lyrata (Kamchatka rock cress), 277 arbutus (Arbutus menziesii), 110, 136 Arbutus menziesii (arbutus or Pacific madrone), 110, 136 archaeology of estuarine garden sites, 318–19 geophyte intensification data, 93–97 Gulf of Georgia region, 97–98 oversights in, 5 Tlingit garden sites, 289–93 Arctic iris (Iris setosa), 278 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (kinnikinnick), 107, 260, 277 arnica, heart-leaved (Arnica cordifolia), 277 Arnica cordifolia (heart-leaved arnica), 277 Arnold, J. E., 73, 209–10 arrow-grass (Triglochin maritimum), 139 arrowhead, Chinese (Sagittaria trifolia var. edulis), 200 Aruncus dioicus (goatsbeard), 277 Asarum caudatum (wild ginger), 109, 136 ash, mountain (Sorbus sitchensis), 280 asparagus, beach (Salicornica pacifica), 280 Athyrium filix-femina (lady fern), 277 Atleo, E. Richard, vii–xi, 340 attitudes, respectful, 132–34, 175–76 avens, large-leaved (Geum macrophyllum ), 278 Babcock, Marguerite, 114, 120 Baerreis, D., 56, 57 bank analogy, 242–43 Barbeau, Marius, 248, 255, 272n19 Bark Gatherer, The (Curtis: photo), 6 bark materials flags of, 310 harvesting patterns, 123–25, 124 medicinal, 110 for roofing, 108 strips as scare-crows, 287 Tsimshian harvesting of, 251 Barnett, H. G., 192n3 Bartleman, Gabe, 151, 156 basket sedge (Carex obnupta), 108, 114, 122, 138 beach asparagus (Salicornica pacifica), 280 bear-grass (Xerophyllum tenax), 109, 122 bear root (Hedysarum alpinum), 278 behavior pattern scale of inquiry, 43 behavioral domesticates, 60–61, 64–65 Bell, W., 63–64 Bella Coola. See Nuxalk Bender, Barbara, 41–42 Bennett, Benjamin, 262 berries burning and, 141, 142 deer browsing, impacts of, 150n6 management strategies overview, 106 medicinal, 111 “prayers” to, 127, 133 preserving of, 252 seasonal schedule of harvesting, 129 Tsimshian management of, 245–49 berry patches and gardens, and berrying grounds archaeological sites associated with, 293 burning, suppression of, 268 burning of, 127, 247–48 distance from villages, 92 fertilization of, 118 losses to homesteading, 268–69 naming of, 246 ownership of, 130–33, 169 picking rights, 165–66 quality variation by environmental zone, 246–47 Berry Picker, The (Curtis), 162 beverages, 107. See also tea Beynon, William, 248 biases, 3–8, 24–26, 319–20. See also colonialism and colonization; European model of agriculture biblical dominion injunction, vii–viii bilberry, Cascade (blue-leaved huckleberry ) (Vaccinium deliciosum), 138, 224 382 Index bimodal model of food production, 39–42 Binford, L. R., 70 biodiversity, 275 biogeoclimatic zones, Northwest Coast, 9–10, 103, 246–47 biogeographic diversity, 11–12 biological conservation...
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