-
Glossary
- University of Washington Press
- Chapter
- Additional Information
Glossary of Foreign Words and Special Terms Ail Okamoto Akim, Hakim, Khokim Akkimmat, akimat Astana Awlad CAU CIS CITES FSU Greens Haj, Hajj Hectare or ha. ICNL Ijara Imam Ishan Jorgoku Kenesh Kolkhoz Mahalla Maktab Medresseh Murid NGO Nomenklatura Oblast The village council in Kyrgyzstan. It consists of deputies elected by direct vote. The village council chairman is supposed to be elected by the village deputies but it can happen that at the time ofthe election of the chairman, a special representative arrives from the district government to "supervise" the election. A local chiefor government administrator. Spellings vary by country. The term in Kazakhstan for the local government administration. Also known as akimiat in Kyrgyzstan, as akimiat or khokimiyat in Uzbekistan, and as khakimlik in Turkmenistan. The new capital ofKazakhstan, until recently known as Akmola, and before that as Tselinograd. Extended family or clan. Central Asian Union-the nations ofKazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan Commonwealth ofIndependent States. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) Shorthand for the countries ofthe former Soviet Union. A commonly used term for environmental activists. Pilgrimage to Mecca-one ofthe five pillars ofthe Moslern faith. An area 100 meters x 100 meters square. Approximately 2.5 acres. International Committee for Not-for-Profit Law System of sharecropping. A Moslem cleric. A Sufi spiritual leader. The Kyrgyz parliament. Collective farm. Neighborhood organizations ofIslamic societies. An underground school where people would learn the tenets ofIslam during the Soviet period. Islamic seminary. A follower ofan ishan. Nongovernmental organization. The privileged stratum in Communist society made up ofhigh officials in the party and government institutions. A sub-national governmental unit that might correspond to states in the United States or departments in France. 330 OECD Oli(y) Majlis OSCE Pir Qori Quran, Qu'ran Raion Republican Sharia Shariat Som TACIS Tenge Third sector Ulama USAID Wahhabi Waqf Zakat, zakot Zapovednik Glossary 331 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the European institution that evolved from the Marshall Plan. Parliament ofUzbekistan. Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe--an institution which has evolved out ofthe 1975 Helsinki Accords. A pious Sufi elder; can be synonymous with ishan. A Muslim cleric who is able to recite the entire Qu'ran from memory. The Koran. Districts, often within municipalities. A term used in the same way we would use ''national'' in the United States, as in the "President ofKazakhstan's Republican Commission on Social Security," or "Uzbekistan's Republican Fund Yodgorlik." Islamic law. Islamic courts. The unit ofcurrency in Kyrgyzstan. Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth ofIndependent States, a program ofthe European Union which operates analogously to USAID. The unit of currency in Kazakhstan. Refers to that sector of society composed of associations, religious organizations, political parties, trade unions, charities, etc.-as distinct from the two other major sectors, business and government. An elite within Islam ofhighly educated theologians. United States Agency for International Development. Member ofan Islamic-political movement founded in Saudia Arabia by Abdul Wahhab in the eighteenth century, which adheres closely to the Qur'an (Koran). It advocates a return to the "true" Islam that existed during the life ofthe Prophet Muhammad. Since 1953, "Wahhabiism" has been the official ideology of Saudia Arabia. It has followers in many countries. Islamic foundations, controlled by clerics, which help maintain mosques, support schools, and provide general welfare support. The Moslem practice ofgiving alms to the poor, another ofthe five pillars ofthe faith. Nature preserve. [54.167.199.134] Project MUSE (2024-03-29 06:53 GMT) [54.167.199.134] Project MUSE (2024-03-29 06:53 GMT) 11111111111111111111111111 9 780295 977959 ...