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248 type-a gandhi he was just wore out. I think he had done so many things for so many people, that it finally got to him.” After standing up for Milton in the orphanage, after scrapping for equality in his city, after raging against injustice wherever he saw it, after defending every underdog in every lost cause, maybe Carl Maxey was simply exhausted. His name and his legacy endure in a number of ways. Bill and Bevan Maxey still take on pro bono cases and controversial causes at the Maxey Law Offices. Gonzaga University’s Carl Maxey Memorial Scholarship Fund assists aspiring minority students who might otherwise not be able to attend college. The SpokaneYWCA presents its annual Carl Maxey Racial JusticeAward to the person who most exemplifies Maxey’s ideals. The Washington State Senate passed a resolution in 1998 paying tribute to Maxey as a man of “great character, compassion and intelligence” and a “giant in civil rights.” Every day, harried students in the Gonzaga University School of Law’s library walk past a bronze bust in the lobby. The pedestal reads, “Carl Maxey: He made a difference.” How much of a difference? Jerrelene Williamson, an old friend from Spokane’s civil rights struggles, remembers a moment that didn’t make it into the news or onto an award plaque. It occurred in 1961, when the Spokane School Board was threatening to shut down Lincoln Elementary School. This school happened to be the only school in the district that was predominantly African American and Japanese. The parents sat in discouragement at one meeting as the board lectured them about why this school, and not some more affluent school, absolutely had to close. These parents felt powerless, resigned to their fate. “Then the door opened, and in walked Carl Maxey,” said Williamson . “Everyone began to whisper, ‘Carl’s here. Carl’s here.’ Carl was a big man anyway, but when he came through that door, to us parents, he looked like a giant.” He must have looked that way to the school board as well. He plopped his briefcase on the floor and sat down. After a brief, urgent semihuddle, the board made an announcement: the school would remain open. Carl Maxey had not uttered a single word. In most cases, information and quotations are attributed within the chapter text. Interviews were a rich source of detail, and transcripts—in some cases, recordings—of the following interviews are in possession of the author. Bonino, Rick, June 2006, Spokane, Washington Burnette, Henry, 1998, by phone Burns, Milton, August 15, 1998, Olympia, Washington Dellwo, Robert, 1999, by phone Dornquast, Marsha, March 1, 2006, Spokane, Washington Elliott, Mildred, 1998, by phone Erickson, Debbieann, June 2006, by phone Freeman, Clarence, 1998, by phone Gibson, Robert D., no date, by phone Hagin, Wally, 1998, by phone Kelly, Joe, May 2006, by phone Lerner, Michael, June 2006, by phone Lippman, Roger, May 2006, by phone MacDonald, Kenneth, June 2006, by phone Marashi, Mohammad, December 2006, by phone Marchioro, Karen, December 2006, by e-mail Maxey, Bevan, May 21, 2006, Spokane, Washington Maxey, Bill, February 13, 1999, Spokane, Washington Maxey, Carl, April 14, 1997, Spokane, Washington Maxey, Lou (Merrie Lou Douglas), June 27, 1998, and March 1, 2006, Spokane, Washington 249 notes on sources Nichols, Ruth, 1998, by phone Salina, Martin, May 2006, Spokane, Washington Scarpelli, Nick, 1998, by phone Schults, Ninon, 1998 and 2006, by phone Scott, Frances, 1998, by phone Steinborn, Jeff, June 2006, by phone Stiley, Patrick, June 8, 2006, Spokane, Washington Thomas, Eli, 1999, by phone Williams, William H., 1998, by phone Williamson, Jerrelene, 1999, by phone I made extensive use of the clipping archives of the Spokane SpokesmanReview and the Spokane Daily Chronicle, both referred to in the chapter sources that follow as S-R reference library or S-R electronic archive. The clippings number in the hundreds and are contained within files titled “Carl Maxey.” Virtually every chapter contains some information from these clippings. Major articles and profiles I found most useful include John Blanchette, “Carl Maxey Found Equality Inside the Ring,” Spokesman-Review, October 14, 1983; Alden Cross, “Spokane’s Two Black Lawyers,” Spokesman-Review, March 2, 1975; Rita Hibbard, “Life of Throwing Stones at Goliath Officialdom ,” Spokesman-Review, March 29, 1981; “Q&A: Attorney Carl Maxey Discusses Issues and Goals,” Spokesman-Review, June 24, 1979; John Webster , “Carl Maxey: From Black Scratch,” Spokane Daily Chronicle, March 17, 1981. I also used a number of other clipping files in the S...

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