Butterflies Will Burn: Prosecuting Sodomites in Early Modern Spain and Mexico

Glossary

abogado — counselor at law; advocate; intercessor or mediator abominable — abominable; detestable; loathsome; execrable acargo — charge, office, or job agente — active; he who penetrates the other agravios — wrong; an injury albarán — a writing; sheet of paper; note; acquittance; receipt or pass albín — bloodstone alcahuete — pimp of sorts alcalde — a magistrate of which there are several kinds alcalde mayor de la justicia — lord chief justice who read an offense in public , at which time sentence was passed upon convicted criminals alcántara; alcantarilla — bridge; little bridge alférez — ensign; in chess, a bishop alguacil — proper name of an officer who apprehends malefactors alguacil de corte — sergeant at arms; king’s messenger almirante general — admiral or lord high admiral alojamientos — accommodations alquitrán — naphtha, a liquid substance flowing out of the earth in some places like melted pitch; used in some places on ships instead of pitch and tar alzar — to lift; to raise the voice amainar — to set sail; to take in the sails; as metaphor, to cool, to relent amarionados — effeminate men; sodomites amarrar — to make fast; to anchor; to lash or tie andaluz — Andalusian ano — the ass or anus antipoda — the complete opposite of one’s own culture [ 257 ] GLOSSARY a popa; por la cara de popa — abaft; astern a proa — afore apretar los cordeles — to draw ropes tighter, that is, to wind up the rack in order to make a criminal confess; as metaphor, to press a man hard in order to discover a secret, or to do any other thing against his inclination arrecho — to stand; to be stiff or erect asesor — assessor; lawyer joined in commission with a judge asturiano — Asturian audiencia — the court of judicature auditor — king’s officer or judge, civil or criminal auto — public act; a decree of a court; all papers relating to a lawsuit auto de fe — public act of the Inquisition when it brought out its prisoners and read their offenses in public, at which time the sentence was passed ávido y tenido — covetous; greedy azotes — strikes with lashes baldrés — dildo bardaje — eunuch of sorts who dressed like and performed the labors of a woman barrio — neighborhood; quarter batel — ship’s small boat; pinnace or yawl baxel — any sort of ship, especially under three decks; smaller sort beata — type of religious woman, employing herself in prayer and works for charity; ironically, female hypocrite bellaco — knave; villain; an arch-wag; rogue; sodomite bellaquerías — sodomitical play or manners bernia — coarse type of cloth bestia de albarda — beast of burden betún — bitumen, a thick liquid substance boneta — bonnet bragueta — codpiece bubas — syphilis; also known as mal Napolitano, mal Francés, or sarna Española [ 258 ] B U T T E R F L I E S W I L L B U R N bubosos — persons infected with syphilis buen aire — fine appearance; gracefulness; elegance buen bellaco — great knave; ironically, sodomite buen hombre — good man; ironically, cuckold buena mujer — good woman; ironically, whore bujarrón(a) — man who takes pleasure in anal penetration and love for young boys; female sodomite cabalgar — to mount a horse; to ride cabalgar por el culo — to penetrate someone through the anus caballería — military order of knights; cavalry; horse troops caballero — knight; gentleman; member of the lower nobility, usually propertied cabeza de proceso — beginning of a process; will; process or trial at law cabo — rope; end; conclusion; cape; headland cabo, dar — to throw a rope for another to take hold of cabo de escuadra — corporal cacique — title used by the indigenous nobles of Latin America caja — mariner’s private chest, usually filled with clothing and other personal belongings calabozo — dungeon; bilboes calçones de lienço — linen breeches calvo — hairless calzas — silk knee-length pants callosas — corn; hard skin camarada — fellow soldier; companion; bedfellow camoyaos — young men along the northern coast of South America who dressed like and performed the labors of women cáñamo — fibrous plant called hemp capitán de guarnición — governor or commander in chief of a garrison capitán general — admiral of the fleet; general; captain general capitana — ship of an admiral or captain general capitanía — captainship; company of soldiers Glossary [ 259 ] capote — blue woolen cape worn by mariners Casa de la Contratación — House of Trade set up in sixteenth-century Seville to monitor commerce between the peninsula and its colonies catalán — Catalan; from Catalonia cayar — to be silent; to...