From Cuenca to Queens: An Anthropological Story of Transnational Migration

Index

Index adolescence, , , , , , , , –, n agency, n alcohol, ; consumption of, , , ,  Alexandra, , –, , , , –, , , , , , , ; adolescence, , , , , , , ; on childbirth, , ; on identity, , ; on Lucho’s migration, ; and patriarchy, ; play, , –; on race, ; role in household, , , , , , , ; on Vicente’s migration, –; on work, ,  American(s), , ; food, ; teenagers,  andando por la pampa, , ,  Año Viejo, n anthropological theory, – Asian economic crisis,  automobiles, , , ; Carlos and, ; debts from, –; in New York, ; symbolism of,  Azuay, Province of, ,  banks/banking crisis, , n baptism: Alexandra’s, –, , ; Billy’s, , , , , ,  Basch, Linda,  beauty, , n Beto, , , , , , , , , , , ; on Lucho’s migration , ; on race, –, ; on Vicente’s migration, – Billy, , , , , , , ; rheumatic fever,  birth control, ,  birth order, , , , , , , , ,  Blanc-Szanton, Cristina,  Bolívar, , , , , , ; role in Vicente’s migration, – , , , , , ,  Bordo, Susan,  Brusco, Elizabeth,  Cañar, Province of, , –n capital, ,  capitalism/capitalist, , ; critiques of, , , , , n; marketplace,   From Cuenca to Queens Carlos, , , , , , , , n; and loans, ; and remittances ,  cars. See automobiles Catholic Church, , n Cecilia, , , , , , ; on Vicente’s migration, – character, , ; definition, n; Vicente and, , , , , , , –,  childbirth, , , , n; and dieta, , n child-rearing, ; breast-feeding, ; cross-cultural theory, –, n, n; discipline, , , , , ; gender differences, –, –, ; negative reinforcement , ; Rosa and, , , , ; swaddling, , ; toilet training,  children: contributions to household , , , , , , , –; gender difference, – , ; rural-urban differences, , , , , , , , n; sharing/fostering, , n; and transnational migration , , n Children of Sánchez, The, – chola, –, , , , , , n; chola Cuencana, , , n; Rosa as,  cholo, –, , n, n; cholo boy, –, , , n ‘‘Cholo Boy’’ (song),  class: analysis, –, ; in Cuenca, –, , ; differences, , , , ; and gender, –; middle class, , , , , ,  Clinton, Bill,  coast, ,  Colloredo-Mansfield, Rudi, – Colombia, ,  colonialism/colonial period, , , , , n; economic relations in,  compadrazgo. See god parentage consumer goods: cultural meanings of, –,  consumption/consumerism, , ; conspicuous, , ; cultural improvisation and, –; desire for, –; North American, , , –, ; transnational migration and, , ,  contraception. See birth control conventillo, ,  Corpanche,  coyotes, , . See also pasadora Crain, Mary, – Cuenca, , –, –; centro histórico (central historical district), , , , ; climate, ; migration to, , , ; recent changes, ; social inequality in, –, n; tradition in, ,  cultural: borders, ; capital, , ; continuity, ; dependency, ; improvisation, ; production, ,  culture, –, , , , ; of poverty , –; of subordination,  Cumbe, , , , , , , , ; description of, –; early life in, , ; house in, –; transnational migration from, ,  currency, ,  day-care centers, –,  Deere, Carmen Diana,  Delgado Travel,  demonstrations,  devil stories, –, , , , n Index  dieta. See childbirth domestic servants. See maids domestic violence, , –, , , n; structural explanations for,  drugs,  economy, , , , –, , , ; depression, ; diversification of, ; external debt, , , ; income distribution, –, ; informal, ; investment in by migrants, , n; perceptions of, , , , , ; taxes, , ; and transnational migration, –, , ,  Ecuador, border war, ; history, –; inferiority complex, ; national identity, , –; politics , ; race and ethnicity, –; recent changes, –; regionalism, ; transnational migration from, –. See also government education: children and, , ; importance of, , , , , , ; transnational migration and, –, n; Vicente and, , ,  elites, , , –, , ; and transnational migration, –,  El Niño,  English language, ; classes, , ,  envy,  envy illness (envidia), , , n ethnicity: in Cuenca, –, , ; in Ecuador, , –; in New York, –,  ethnographic process, –, , ,  ethnography, , ; and bias, –; multisited, , ; and power differences,  Europe/European, ,  evil eye,  family: ethnography and, , –, ; responsibility, , , , , –, –, , ; rural to urban migration and, ; theory on, , –; transnational migration and, , , , , , ; and work,  family planning. See birth control father’s role, , , – fertility rates, n fieldwork, , –, , ; ambivalent status during, – folklore, , , , ,  food, , , n; quantity of, ; serving of, ,  foreigners: experiences with, ; perceptions of, , . See also gringo(a) foreign products, ,  Garro, Linda,  gender, , , –, , , , ; and adolescence, , , ; and class, –; complementarity, ; public/private, –, ; rural-urban differences, , , n; theory, – gift-giving, , ,  Glick Schiller, Nina,  global culture, , –,  globalization, , –, , , ; and inequality, , , ; and media, , – god parentage/compadrazgo, , , , ; asymmetrical, , , n government: corruption, , , , ; instability, , –; subsidies, ,  gringo(a), ; stereotypes of, ,   From Cuenca to Queens Guasmos,  Guayaquil, –, , ,  guinea pig(s), , , , , , ; droppings,  hacendado,  hair, , , ,  Handelsman, Michael, – Hirschkind, Lynn, –n Hispanic, –n; dress, ; in New York, , , –, –, , ; society in Cuenca,  historia,  Hondagneu-Sotelo, Pierrette,  identity, , n; consumerism and, , ; Ecuadorian, , –; formation of, –; mestizo, ; and transnational migration, , , , –, –,  illness: hot/cold theory, n, n. See also Rosa imagined community,  Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), ,  Indian (indio), , , n; selfidenti fication as, –, , ; stereotypes of, , ,  indigenous populations,  International Monetary Fund,  iony, , , n joking, ; theory on, n. See also Lucho land: holdings, ; ownership of, ; tenancy of,  Latino, –n La Troncal,  Levine, Robert, – Lewis, Oscar, – life cycle, ; adolescence, , , , ; changes during, , , –, n; old age, , , , ,  Lourdes, – love: familial, ; romantic, , ,  Lucho, , , –; drinking, , , ; on family, ; as father, , , , , , , –; and joking, , –, –, , ; marriage, –, ; in New York, , , , , , ; and transnational migration , , , , , –, , , ; on Vicente’s migration, –; as wage earner, , , , ,  Luis, – Lupus Erythematosus, –, – lying, ; to parents, , , – ; theory about, n machismo (macho): Lucho and, – , , ; as private behavior, ; stereotypes of, –,  Madonna,  Mahuad, Jamal, , , n maids,  Marisol, , , –, , , , , , , ; on Lucho’s migration, ; on Vicente’s migration, – market women,  marriage, –, , , , ; age of, , ; Alexandra and, , ; immigrations and, n; Vicente and, , , , , ,  mass media, , , , , , ; Marlboro Man,  Mattingly, Cheryl,  McKee, Lauris, , n Index  men, –; and class, –; as ‘‘heads of household,’’ ; as informants , –; poverty and violence, ; social roles,  mestizaje,  mestizo, , –; and gender roles, – Mexicans, ; at restaurant,  Mexico, ,  Miami,  Miguel, , , , , ,  Mintz...