After Revolution: Mapping Gender and Cultural Politics in Neoliberal Nicaragua

Index

295 INDEX Page numbers in boldface denote a photograph or illustration. Adam, Barry, 229–230 Agrarian reform, 30, 47–48, 104, 110– 111, 156, 183, 215 aids, 231, 232 Alemán, Arnoldo, 9–10, 15, 63, 247; and Managua’s urban renewal, 53– 56, 60–61, 62, 77–78, 95. See also Liberal Alliance Alemán, Paola Pérez, 36, 228, 276n10 Alvarez, Sonia, 28–29 Appadurai, Arjun, 66 Arauz, Rita, 231–232, 234, 236, 237, 257 Article 204 (Sodomy law), 234–235, 255 Artisans’ cooperative, 118–125, 118, 162– 163, 227–229, 271n13; advantages of, 121–122, 124, 271n9; and economic policies, 117; financial support of, 123–124; members leaving, 122, 124– 125, 195; opportunities for women, 33, 35, 58; struggles of, 35, 161; work space, 255–256 asentamientos (squatter settlements), 48, 52–53, 80 Autonomy Law of 1987, 4, 213, 214–215 Baez, Gladys, 138, 224, 275n4 Bakers’ cooperative, 131–137, 132, 136, 227; advantages of, 131; closing of, 58, 133, 136, 255; competition among, 131–132, 137, 162, 195; and economic policies, 117; opportunities for women, 33–34; struggles within, 131, 132, 133, 134–137, 161, 256 Barricada, 209, 237 Barrios, 70–106, 87, 92; boundaries of, 73, 269n12; business within, 74–75, 76–79, 81–82, 99–101, 100, 191–192; cemeteries in, 79–80, 269n7; and crime, 88, 91, 99; description of, 74– 80; development of, 256; economic hardship, 84, 85, 87, 88, 91–94, 98, 101, 102, 192, 194; gangs within, 68, 91; households within, 81–83, 101– 103, 105; landmarks within, 73; people in, 19, 52–53, 56, 58, 63, 72– 74, 75–76, 77; population of, 268n6; security within, 76; and social issues, 83, 99; utility shortages in, 102. See also Monseñor Lezcano Bendaña, Alejandro, 41, 220 Benería, Lourdes, 110 Ben Linder House, 71 Beverley, John, 29 Blanca, 119–125 Body politics, 196–199, 239 La Boletina, 90, 94, 208, 233 Brentlinger, John, 259 Burawoy, Michael, 153, 154 Campaign for a Sexuality Free of Prejudice , 234 campesinas, 38 Capitalism: and economic development , 153, 181; effects of, 149, 154, 175, 209, 242, 257; failure of, 83, 193 Carmen, 119–125 Carvajal, Luis, 169–170, 189 Catholic Church, 47 Center for Constitutional Rights, 234– 235 Center for the Study of Agrarian Reform (ciera), 47 Central American Institute of Business Administration (incae), 181, 182–183 Central American University (uca), 180–181, 182–183, 184, 207 Central American Women’s Conference , 208 Central Bank, 114, 224 Centro Alexander von Humboldt, 217 cenzontle, 207 Chamorro, Amalia, 183, 185 Chamorro, Pedro Joaquín, 213 Chamorro, Violeta, 31, 59–60, 224, 246, 265n7; confidence in, 32; election of, 8–9, 13, 15; home of, 80; and Managua, 53, 54, 55. See also United National Opposition (uno) Chávez, Antonio, 140–141, 166, 186, 187, 189–190, 222, 225–226, 227, 228 Child care, 33 Children, 102, 210, 211, 245, 247, 253 Christian base communities (cebs), 211–212 Citizenship, 10, 65, 66 Civil society, 2, 16, 21, 205, 216–217, 243, 248–249, 257 Close, David, 172 Community Movement (Movimiento Comunal), 71, 83, 90, 93, 195, 209 Contras, 13, 111 Contra war, 7–8, 9, 15, 25, 52, 57, 92, 104, 154, 156, 159, 172, 198, 218; effects on economy, 182, 183 Cooperatives, 33–35, 44–45, 116–131, 157, 183; advantages of, 157–158; and export opportunities, 122, 123; failure of, 58, 160, 163, 247; marketing of, 121, 122, 127, 139, 141–142, 143; and structural adjustment, 149; struggles of, 189–190, 192, 243, 270n7; support of, 158; and trade unions, 222; in transition, 161–163. See also Artisans ’, Bakers’, Seamstresses’, Welders’ cooperatives La Corriente (The Current), 40 Crime, 182, 217 Cuadra, Javier, 76 Cuban revolution, 14–15 Cuenca, Alejandro Martínez, 111–112 Cultural de Paz, 219 Cultural politics, 41–45 Currency devaluation, 3, 9, 31, 111, 113, 114, 159, 184, 223 Darío, Rubén, 218, 251 Debayle, Luis Somoza, 80 De Franco, Silvio, 183 Democratization, 10, 13, 15–16, 27, 41, 65, 66 Development, 175–202. See also Economic development Día de Alegría, 96 Domestic violence, 44, 59, 86, 110, 198, 245, 250, 278n26 Doris, 138–144 DuBois, Marc, 177 Earthquakes, 7, 17, 21, 46, 49–52, 72– 73, 156–157, 248–249 Economic adjustment, 18, 116, 153, 156–159, 195, 198, 199, 200, 223. See also Structural adjustment Economic crisis, 18, 47, 107, 109, 112– 113, 116, 186, 250; and blockade, 92, 104, 183; solutions to, 196–197, 245...