James Dean Transfigured: The Many Faces of Rebel Iconography

Notes

Notes Introduction: The Rebel Icon 1. Jon Lewis, The Road to Romance and Ruin: Teen Films and Youth Culture (New York: Routledge, 1992), 20. 2. Dick Hebdige, Subculture: The Meaning of Style (London: Methuen, 1979). 3. John Fiske, Understanding Popular Culture (Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1989). 4. Tricia Rose, “Flow, Layering, and Rupture in Postindustrial New York,” in Signifyin(g), Sanctifyin’, and Slam Dunking: A Reader in African American Expressive Culture, ed. Gena Dagel Caponi (Amherst: University of Massachussetts Press, 1999), 214. 5. Ibid., 216. 6. Dell deChant, “The Economy as Religion: The Dynamics of Consumer Culture,” The Civic Arts Review 16, no. 2 (summer/fall 2003): 6, http://car.owu .edu/Vol.%2016%20No.%202html. Chapter 1: Birth of an Icon 1. Robert Ready, “Jimmy the Arab,” in Mondo James Dean: A Collection of Stories and Poems about James Dean, ed. Lucinda Ebersole and Richard Peabody (New York: St. Martin’s Griffin, 1996), 63. 2. The James Dean Gallery has been open for seventeen years and has had over sixty thousand visitors ( James Dean Gallery Web site, http://www.jamesdean gallery.com). However, the Gallery was unable to meet its expenses in its new location , and David Loehr announced that it would close to the public on December 31, 2005. After his announcement, he received sufficient donations to avoid having to close. When this book was going to press, it was unclear how long he would be able to keep the gallery open. Loehr continues to maintain the gallery’s Web site and conduct online business. “Announcing Closure Might Let James Dean Museum Stay Open,” Houston Chronicle online, http://www.chron.com/disp/story .mpl/ent/celebrities/3605779.html. 3. Philippe Defechereux and Jean Graton, James Dean: The Untold Story of a Passion for Speed, trans. Intex Translations (Los Angeles: Mediavision Publications , 1996 [originally published in Brussels: Graton Editeur, 1995]), 50. 4. Martin Sheen, quoted in David Hofstede, James Dean: A Bio-Bibliography (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1996), 19. 5. Jon Savage, “Sex, Rock, and Identity: The Enemy Within,” in Facing the Music, ed. Simon Frith (New York: Pantheon Books, 1988), 143. 6. Marshall Fishwick, “Entrance,” in Icons of Popular Culture, ed. Marshall Fishwick and Ray B. Browne (Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1970), 2. 7. Marshall Fishwick, “Introduction,” in Icons of America, ed. Ray B. Browne and Marshall Fishwick (Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1978), 3. 8. Ralph Brauer, “Iconic Modes: The Beatles,” in Browne and Fishwick, 117. 9. David Dalton, James Dean: American Icon (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1984), 237. 10. Ibid. 11. Andy Warhol, quoted in Randall Riese, The Unabridged James Dean: His Life and Legacy from A to Z (Chicago: Contemporary Books, 1991), 546. 12. Joan Mellen, Big Bad Wolves: Masculinity in the American Film (New York: Pantheon Books, 1977), 192. 13. Ibid., 190. 14. Stuart Ewen, Captains of Consciousness: Advertising and the Social Roots of the Consumer Culture (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1976), 214–215. 15. Estes Kefauver, quoted in Seth Cagin and Philip Dray, Born to Be Wild: Hollywood and the Sixties Generation (Boca Raton: Coyote, 1994), 41. 16. Graham McCann, Rebel Males: Clift, Brando and Dean (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1991), 12. 17. Dick Pountain and David Robins, Cool Rules: Anatomy of an Attitude (London : Reaktion, 2000), 42. 18. Robert Farris Thompson, quoted in Pountain and Robins, 36. 19. Ibid. 20. Pountain and Robins, 38. 21. Ibid., 41. 22. Nelson George, quoted in Joel Dinerstein, “Lester Young and the Birth of Cool,” in Signifyin(g), Sanctifyin’, & Slam Dunking: A Reader in African American Expressive Culture, ed. Gena Caponi (Amherst: UMass Press, 1999), 241. 23. Pountain and Robins, 42. 24. Ibid., 64. 25. Ibid., 26. 26. Ibid. 27. Ibid. 28. Ibid., 28. 29. Paul Rudnick, “Everybody’s a Rebel,” Spy Magazine, March 1992, 55. 30. McCann, 6–7. 31. Richard Dyer, Heavenly Bodies: Film Stars and Society (New York: St. Martin ’s Press, 1986), 4. 208 Notes to pages 16–27 32. Ibid. 33. Paul Alexander, Boulevard of Broken Dreams: The Life, Times, and Legend of James Dean (New York: Viking, 1994), 269. 34. Hofstede, 19. 35. Rudnick, 55. 36. Timothy Shary, Generation Multiplex: The Image of Youth in Contemporary American Cinema (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2002), 104. 37. Jon Lewis, The Road to Romance and Ruin: Teen Films and Youth Culture (New York: Routledge, 1992), 20. 38. Richard...