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104. Dimas Chavez to José Aguilar, Annual Evaluation of MACHOS, March 26– 29, 1968, OEO Records, CEOB, El Paso File, NASWR. 105. In “MACHOS Stages Protest,” El Paso Times, May 21, 1968. 106. José Aguilar to Frank Curtis, August 13, 1968, OEO Records, CEOB, El Paso File, NASWR. 107. Frank Curtis to Hanah King, memorandum, “Thoughts on El Paso,” December 18, 1968, OEO Records, CEOB, El Paso File, NASWR. 108. Ibid. 109. “BRAVO Gets $2,032,477 for Work,” El Paso Times, September 17, 1968, 1A+; El Paso CAMPS Coordinating Committee, Meeting Minutes, September 17, 1968, OEO Records, CEOB, El Paso File, NASWR. 110. Frank Curtis to Barbara Craven, memorandum, September 20, 1968, OEO Records, CEOB, El Paso File, NASWR. 111. Texas OEO, Texas Front, 1966, 8; Howard Beeth and Cary Wintz, eds., Black Dixie: Afro Texan History and Culture in Houston (College Station: Texas A&M Press, 1992), 225. 112. “Kelly Named to Poverty Post,” Houston Informer, August 14, 1965, 1. 113. “Hope Seen for Poor and Jobless,” Houston Informer, December 25, 1965, 1. 114. “Houston Youth Project Opened,” Houston Informer, December 25, 1965, 4. 115. “EOO, HAY Merger Almost Clinched,” Houston Informer, May 20, 1967, 1. 116. Texas OEO, Texas Front, 1968. 117. “Hope Seen for Poor and Jobless,” Houston Informer, 1. 118. Cole, No Color Is My Kind, 42. 119. Bill Helmer, “A Context for Tragedy,” Texas Observer, June 9–23, 1967, 6. 120. Ibid. 121. Blair Justice, Violence in the City (Fort Worth: Texas Christian University Press, 1969), 221. 122. Helmer, “Context for Tragedy,” 6. 123. Louis Welch to Sargent Shriver, May 25, 1967, Connally Papers, Box 25, Series 38, LBJL. 124. “Blueprint for HOPE,” Forward Times, September 9, 1967, 16–17. 125. Barr, Black Texans, 201–202. 126. “Blueprint for HOPE,” Forward Times. 127. Statement of Reverend Earl Allen presented to the Senate Permanent Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, transcript, February 7, 1968, OEO Records, Southwest Regional Office Records, CEOB, Houston File, NASWR; “HOPE Conducts Fundraising Campaign,” Forward Times, October 7, 1967, 9. C h a P t e r s I x 1. Sam Kindrick, “Hundreds March Downtown in SANYO-EODC Dispute,” San Antonio Express, September 12, 1968, 1. 2. Ibid. 3. Ibid. 4. Ibid. In the end, the EODC board voted to deny SANYO’s request, but the 1  0 Notes to Pages 79–84 demonstration achieved some success because SANYO received nearly 80 percent of the CEP funds. Rodriguez, interview by the author. 5. Nicolas Vaca, The Presumed Alliance: The Unspoken Conflict Between Latinos and Blacks and What it Means for America (New York: Rayo, 2004), ix, 62–84. 6. Barr, Black Texans, 183. 7. Matusow, Unraveling of America, 243–271. 8. Houston, San Antonio, and El Paso provide the most fruitful source material on local War on Poverty programs in the state. Due to the conservative political culture of the Dallas–Fort Worth area, OEO programs in the Metroplex started after most of the controversial features of CAP had been eliminated by the OEO bureaucracy and Congress. 9. Davies, From Opportunity to Entitlement, 45. 10. Thomas Jackson, From Civil Rights to Human Rights: Martin Luther King Jr. and the Struggle for Economic Justice (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007), 238. 11. Ben Seligman, Permanent Poverty: An American Syndrome (Chicago: Quadrangle , 1968), 165. 12. Sargent Shriver to A. Philip Randolph, March 10, 1965, OEO Records, Office of Civil Rights (hereafter OCR), Director’s Records, Alphabetical File, NA. 13. OEO press release, February 16, 1966, OEO Records, OCR, Director’s Records, Alphabetical File, NA. 14. “Civil Rights Clearance Screen for Community Action Programs,” completed form for San Angelo Independent School District, March 14, 1965, OEO Records, OCR Records Relating to Civil Rights in the Regions (hereafter OCR-Regions), Box 30, NA. 15. In Dona Cooper Hamilton and Charles V. Hamilton, The Dual Agenda: Race and Social Welfare Policies of Civil Rights Organizations (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997), 157–158. 16. Patterson, America’s Struggle, 150. 17. Jerome Vacek to Ralph Yarborough, May 19, 1967, Yarborough Papers, Senate Records, Legislative Files, Box 3w294, CAH-UT. 18. Clayson, “Texas Poverty and Liberal Politics,” 143. 19. “Minority Gap Report,” OEO Records, Director’s Records, Reference Correspondence , NA. 20. Bill Crook to Hayes Redmon, Memorandum RE Personnel for Southwest Regional Office, August 18, 1965, WHCF-CF, LBJL. 21. Wagner, “Ten Biggest Myths,” 22–23. 22. Harvey Friedman to Samuel Yette, August 3, 1966, OEO Records, OCR, Director ’s Records, Alphabetical File, 1964–1969, NA. 23. Carl...

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