Colonialism and Christianity in Mandate Palestine

Cover

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Title page, Copyright, Dedication

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Contents

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pp. vii-viii

Note on Transliteration

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pp. ix-

In this work I have generally followed the International Journal of Middle East Studies system of transliteration from Arabic to English. For the sake of clarity, I have chosen to leave place names in their most common forms. When individuals have expressed a preference for the transliteration of their names, I have used their ...

Acknowledgments

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pp. xi-xii

At Yale University, where this book had its beginnings, I benefited hugely from the help and support of my advisers Abbas Amanat, Paul Kennedy, and Lamin Sanneh. I owe a special thanks to Laila Parsons, whose advice and insights throughout the course of my research and writing strengthened the work immeasurably. My fellow students were constant sources of inspiration ...

Introduction

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pp. 1-15

To contemporary global audiences, Palestine often seems an ancient bastion of violent sectarianism. Frequently described as a "crossroads" of Christianity, Islam, and Judaism, it is understood as a place where religious identifications trump all other loyalties, where ancient communal hostilities can flare up at any moment, and where a primitive, tribal religiosity has always ...

1. Palestinian Christian Elites from the Late Ottoman Era to the British Mandate

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pp. 16-43

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, increasing European penetration and major Ottoman reform efforts began to transform the political meaning of religious affiliation in the eastern Mediterranean and especially in Palestine. A sudden and dramatic increase in the presence of European institutions, combined with major empire- wide reforms from Istanbul, ...

2. Reinventing the Millet System: British Imperial Policy and the Making of Communal Politics

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pp. 44-74

For most of the nineteenth century, Britain had shaped the Ottoman Empire's policy toward its non- Muslim communities by casting itself as an external "protector" of the sultan's Christian subjects, particularly those living among the contested sites of the "Holy Land." With the assumption of the mandate for Palestine, the British had the opportunity to remake the system ...

3. The Arab Orthodox Movement

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pp. 75-100

By the mid-1920s, sectarian political institutions had become a primary venue for political action in Palestine. Arab Christians had been excluded from the main association for Arab political contact with the mandate state, the newly established Supreme Muslim Council. Hajj Amin al-Husayni had emerged as the most prominent Palestinian nationalist leader, based primarily on British ...

4. Appropriating Sectarianism: The Brief Emergence of Pan-Christian Communalism, 1929-1936

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pp. 101-126

In the mid-1930s the mandate government began to entertain the idea of creating a national legislative council in which Palestinian Arabs would take part.¹ This was the mandate government's second attempt at constructing a legislative council; the first had failed in 1923 after the Arabs organized a successful boycott of the elections. During the course of the revived public debate ...

5. Palestinian Arab Episcopalians under Mandate

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pp. 127-157

The Arab Episcopalian community to which 'Izzat Tannus and Shibli Jamal belonged faced particularly difficult challenges in Palestine's newly sectarian political system.¹ It was a small but highly influential group whose long ties to mission institutions conferred substantial educational and professional benefits in the British-run mandate state. As converts to a European faith, however, Arab Episcopalians ...

Epilogue. The Consequences of Sectarianism

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pp. 158-163

In 1917, just before Edmund Allenby entered Jerusalem and claimed Palestine for the British, Arab Christians seemed poised to take a central role in the construction of a post- Ottoman political order. By the time the mandate ended in 1948, they had nearly disappeared from Palestinian political life. At the same time, they also vanished from much of the historiography ...

Notes

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pp. 165-203

Bibliography

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pp. 205-219

Index

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pp. 221-227