From Pablo to Osama: Trafficking and Terrorist Networks, Government Bureaucracies, and Competitive Adaptation

Index

Index Abiziad, John P., 165 Afghanistan 9/11 hijackers and, 144 Al Qaeda: post–9/11 presence in, 219, 220–21; safe houses in, 171; sanctuary for, 171, 213; training camps in, 210, 213 counterterrorism operations in, 8, 169, 171, 189, 196–200, 209–10 Soviet Union, resistance campaign against, 7, 136, 141, 147 terrorist: systems, 15; training camps in, 136, 138–39, 143, 164, 210 airdrops, 49–51, 60 Abu Ghraib, prison scandal, in Iraq, 186–87 Abu Nidal Organization, 145, 152 Abu Sayyaf organizational structure, 148–49 goals, 149 Albanese, Jay S., 233 n. 16 Algerian National Liberation Front, 146 Al Qaeda adaptations of, 11, 160–61 Ansar al-Islam, support to, 212 attacks by, 8, 179, 200. See also September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks cell ‘‘emir,’’ 153 as chain network, 219–20 communications within, 151–53 compartmentation in, 152–53 drug traffickers, compared to, 8, 9–11 goals of, 10 government adversaries, similarities to, 166 government misinterpretations of, 173–75 as ideology, 166 intelligence gathering and, 157–58 Internet, use of, 143 as ‘‘learning organization,’’ 12 manuals, 141–43, 145. See also Declaration of Jihad Against the Country’s Tyrants ; Encyclopedia of Afghan Jihad members-turned-informants, 171–72, 173 ‘‘new Al Qaeda,’’ 256 n. 15 organizational structure of, 149–53, 175–76, 252 n. 44 as post–9/11 phenomenon, 11, 220–21 preparing for attacks, 146–47, 158 ‘‘professional development’’ program, 139 recruiting and vetting members, 138–39 resilience of, 135 Saddam Hussein and, 175 sensemaking by, 158–60 as social movement and brand name, 11, 175, 200 Soviets, fighting against, in Afghanistan , 147 system effects and, 219–21 Tora Bora campaign and, 200 training, 137–39, 210–11 U.S. counterterrorism watch lists and, 185 U.S. operations against, 8, 167, 199. See also bin Laden, Osama as wheel network, 149–52 Andreas, Peter, 14, 120 Animal Liberation Front (alf ), 155 Ansar al-Islam, 212 Argyris, Chris, 233 n. 20 Arlacchi, Pino, 106 Arquilla, John, 261 n. 15 ‘‘Arturo’’ adaptability, 54 biased memory, 237 n. 54 compartmenting workers, 32–33 corruption, 53, 130 hiding cocaine, 59 money laundering, as precursor to drug trafficking, 75 social networks and professional contacts , 42 trafficking enterprise: as separate organizations , 89; roles in, 32 ‘‘suicide car,’’ learning about, 63 282 j Index Ashcroft, John, 229 n. 3 Atta, Mohammed, 144, 150–52, 159, 161, 171 Aum Shinrikiyo, 3 Baker, Wayne E., 239 n. 6 ‘‘balloon effect,’’ 12. See also ‘‘Hydra effect’’ Bank of Boston, 73 Bank Secrecy Act, 91 Bell, J. Bowyer, 144 Bensinger, Peter, 93 Biddle, Stephen, 197, 250 n. 21 bin al-Shibh, Ramzi, 151–52, 161,171 bin Laden, Osama, 141, 157 Abu Musab al-Zarqawi and, 171 counterterrorism operations against, 8, 11, 169–70, 196, 198–200 changing satellite phones, 160–61 charisma of, 11 expendability of, 166, 202, 219 interviews by, 17 leadership of, 149–51, 220 meetings with, 138, 158, 159 Pakistan: escape to, 200; hiding in, 209 reporting to, 153 sensemaking and, 158–59 September 11, 2001, attacks, role in, 144, 150–51, 161 source of inspiration, 175, 220 training and logistics network, 8 Blanco, Griselda, 92 ‘‘bleed out,’’ 147, 221 Block, Alan A., 12 Bloom, Mia, 12 ‘‘bounded’’ rationality, 5, 169, 193 Bravo, Alberto, 92 Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement , 178 Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (bndd), 120 Burt, Ronald S., 30 Bush, President George H. W., and administration , 245 n. 11 Bush, President George W., and administration , 1, 165, 170, 174–75, 182, 185–87 Butler, Desmond, 161 Cardona, Rafael, 54, 60 Casablanca, terrorist bombings (2003), 211, 220 Cash, Thomas, 57, 60, 70, 111, 240 n. 26 Central Intelligence Agency (cia) Al Qaeda informants, recruiting of, 171–72 classification procedures, 194–96. See also ‘‘originator control’’ (orcon) Ibn al-Shaykh al-Libi, 174 bin Laden unit (Alec Station), 183–84, 194, 195 counterterrorism: mission, 183; programs , 168–69, Counterterrorist Center, 183, 194 creation of dea and, 120 fbi: compared to, 183; joint operations with, 183–84 intelligence failure, September 11, 2001, attacks, 185 interrogation techniques of, 171, 183, 187, 192, Iraqi insurgency, assessment of, 221 nsc, disagreements with, 192 Operation Enduring Freedom, participation in, 169 Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate , support for, 136 sensemaking, 169–171 ‘‘targeted killing’’ program, 214 chain networks Al Qaeda and, 219, 220 corruption and, 31 counterdrug law enforcement, resistance to, 31 decentralized and ‘‘self-organizing,’’ 31–32 ‘‘flat’’ management levels, 34 formation, as consequence of law enforcement , 125 markets...