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Acknowledgments
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Before the Revolution was in the works for a very long time. So many people helped shape my thinking along the way that perhaps the best way I can thank them here is to do so chronologically. I am particularly grateful to the lifelong friends (far too many to list individually) I made at the Colegio San José in Matagalpa between 1972 and 1983 against a backdrop of extreme political upheaval. Among the many relatives who have supported me, inspired me, and challenged me over the years, I would like to thank Kathy Hoyt, Victoria Morales, Bayardo González, and Paula González. I also wish to thank María Helena de Rodríguez, Irma de González, Paula Hoyt, Mary Leonard, Fred Wegener, Lucy González Rodríguez, Bayardo González Rodríguez, the González Picado clan, and Sara Bathum. Bayardo González Vargas, Ben Rigberg, Charlotte and Paul Hoyt, Julio González Vargas, Carlos González Vargas, and Anibal Rodríguez all died before this project was completed. In di¤erent ways, they all impacted the final product. For their friendship and support over the years, I wish to express my gratitude to Ruth Bearscove, Sister Mary Ellen Doyle, Marycruz Soto, Gaby Morales, Teresa Nuño, Vilma Olachea, Ninnette Luna, Orawon Chailapakul , Jenny Lindenaeur, Jennifer Guglielmo, Ximena Sosa-Buchholz, Suk Rhee, Dylan Dow, and Benny Andres. I wish to thank the many friends I made at Oberlin’s Third World House and La Unión, far too many to mention individually. The grownups at Oberlin also deserve my appreciation , especially Willie Arroyo, Elisa Grajales, Tommy Woon, and Ehrai Adams. I am profoundly indebted to my professors at Oberlin College and at the University of New Mexico (UNM): Kum-Kum Bhavnani, Chandra Mohanty, bell hooks, Cherrie Moraga, Ana Castillo, Margaret Randall, Angela Davis, Ana Cara, Steve Volk, Deena Gonzalez, Jane Slaughter, and Sandra Lauderdale Graham. While at UNM, I had the extraordinary opportunity to work as Margaret Randall’s assistant for the book Sandino’s Daughters Revisited: Feminism in Nicaragua. Thank you, Margaret. A C K N O W L E D G M E N T S Working with Je¤ Gould has been a highlight of my academic career. His insights on Nicaraguan history have made me a better scholar and— I hope—a better person. Muriel Nazzari, Arlene Díaz, and Peter Guardino not only read my work and commented on my ideas; they also became my friends. I am deeply grateful for their mentorship and for their friendship. Also at Indiana University, I would like to thank Judith Allen, Jean Robinson, and Wendy Gamber. I started to present my controversial research in Nicaragua in the mid1990s . I am grateful for the enthusiastic welcome I received from Grupo Venancia in Matagalpa, El Colectivo de Mujeres in Matagalpa, and Fundaci ón Mujer y Comunidad in Esteli. For their support, I would also like to thank the Fundación Xochitlquetzal in Managua and Matagalpa (especially Mary Bolt, Rosibel Blandón, and Hazel Fonseca), La Boletina, and Fundación Puntos de Encuentro (especially Amy Bank, Ana Criquillon, Julieta Bendaña, Vilma Castillo, Teresita Hernández, and Helena Ramos). The scholars and sta¤ at the Instituto de Historia de Nicaragua, in particular Margarita Vannini, Frances Kinloch Tijerino, Miguel Angel Herrera, Mario Rizo, and Maria Auxiliadora Estrada, also deserve my thanks, as do the sta¤ at the Archivo Nacional, in particular Mauricio Flores and Ivania Paladino, a historian and a friend. Over the years, I received suggestions, comments, and encouragement from many people. I am especially grateful to Betsy Kuznesof, Maxine Molyneaux, Florence Babb, Elizabeth Dore, Asunción Lavrin, Margaret Power, Ana Lau Jaiven, Marysa Navarro, Jennifer Bickham Mendez, Michel Gobat, Justin Wolfe, Cymene Howe, Paula Ford, Yolanda Marco, Nancy Appelbaum, Sandra McGee Deutsch, Lorraine Bayard de Volo, Pilar Bezanilla-Herr, Julie Cummings (Julia O’Hara), Marlene Medrano, Jesse Mendez, Eloisa Mendez, Francisco Barbosa, Erika Blum, Engel Ortega, Celina Gallardo, Diana Pritchard, Barbara Seitz de Martínez, Guillermo Martínez, Hector Carrillo, Jorge Fontdevila, Sharon Rogers, Marisol Acevedo, Debra Vekstein, Rosemary Boehmer de Selva, Patricia Elvir, and Saul Arana. My thanks also go to Claire Kinsley, Lisa Zimmerman , Turid Hagene, and Dean Kotlowski for their support, their encouragement , and, most of all, their friendship. In Nicaragua, many people have encouraged me and taken an interest in my work. I am indebted to Silvia Torres, Vidaluz Meneses, Martha Cabrera, Sofía Montenegro, Dora María Tellez, Erick Blandón, María Teresa...