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l i s t o f t a b l e s 1.1 Urban Population in the Americas 12 1.2 The Six Case Study Countries Compared 37 2.1 Canada’s Four Major Urban Regions, 2001 47 2.2 Canada’s Census Metropolitan Areas with Populations 48 over 500,000 in 2006 3.1 Population in Metropolitan Areas, 1970 and 2000 68 3.2 Share of National Manufacturing and Financial Sector 68 Employment in Metropolitan Areas, 1970 and 2000 3.3 Percent of National Population by Race/Ethnicity, 70 1980 and 2000, and Percent Foreign Born, 1970 and 2000, in Metropolitan Areas 3.4 Composition of Central City and Suburban Populations 71 by Race/Ethnicity, 1980 and 2000 3.5 Poverty Rates by Metropolitan Areas, 1970 and 2000 71 3.6 Median Household Income by Central City and 72 Suburbs, 1980 and 2000 3.7 Structure of Local Government in the United States 78 3.8 Structure of Local Government in Metropolitan Areas 79 3.9 Special Districts by Type in the Twenty-Five Largest 80 Metropolitan Areas 4.1 Waves of Metropolitan Regions 105 4.2 Relative Population Balance in the Principal 108 Metropolitan Regions 4.3 Distribution of Average Incomes in Nine 112 Metropolitan Regions 4.4 Main Statutory Policy Areas for Action as Set Out in the 120 Legislation for Each of the Leading Metropolitan Regions vii 4.5 Governance in the Metropolitan Regions 124 4.6 The Presence of Intermunicipal Consortia 132 5.1 Metropolitan Areas of Mexico, Showing Population 145 and Sectoral Share of GDP 6.1 Argentina’s Urban Population by Region, 1960-2001 175 7.1 Growth in Number of Population Centers with More 214 Than 20,000 Inhabitants 7.2 Growth Rates of Selected Venezuelan Urban 215 Agglomerations, 1936–2000 8.1 Frequencies of Metropolitan Initiatives by Policy Focus 250 and by Country 8.2 Metropolitan Initiatives, Institutions, and Country 252 Context 8.3 Frequencies of Metropolitan Initiatives by Type and 253 by Country 8.4 Jurisdictional Geography of Metropolitan Areas 259 by Country viii List of Tables ...

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