The Costs of Justice: How New Leaders Respond to Previous Rights Abuses

Notes

Notes In the notes, the titles of newspaper articles and other press reports whose authors are unnamed are preceded, for convenience in shortening repeated citations, by a noun or an acronym identifying the source.Thus, for instance, AFP = Agence France Press, AN = Africa News, AP = Associated Press, B92 = Radio B92, DPA = Deutsche Presse-Agentur, Economist = The Economist, GNA = Global NewsWire—Asia Africa Intelligence Wire, IPNSA = Inter Press News Service Agency, RFE/RL = Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, UPI = United Press International. Newspaper and press reports are not included in the select bibliography. INTRODUCTION 1. See official site at http://www.state.gov/g/drl/hr/. 2. For more on this, see the official Web site, http://www.rewardsforjustice .net/index.cfm?page=Rewards_program&language=english. 3. Graham Allison and Morton Halperin, “Bureaucratic Politics: A Paradigm and Some Policy Implications,” World Politics 24 (1972); Geoffrey Best, “Justice , International Relations, and Human Rights,” International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs) 71, no. 4 (1995); Sandy Vogelgesang, “What Price Principle? U.S. Policy on Human Rights,” Foreign Affairs 56, no. 4 (1978). 4. Naomi Roht-Arriaza, “The Role of International Actors in National Accountability Processes,” in The Politics of Memory: Transitional Justice in Democratizing Societies, ed. Alexandra Barahona De Brito, Carmen Gonzales-Enriquez, and Paloma Aguilar (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 41–43. 228 5. Michael J. Gilligan, “Is Enforcement Necessary for Effectiveness? A Model of the International Criminal Regime,” International Organization 60 (2006); Chandra Lekha Sriram and Amy Ross, “Geographies of Crime and Justice: Contemporary Transitional Justice and the Creation of ‘Zones of Impunity,’” International Journal of Transitional Justice 1, no. 1 (2007); Christopher Rudolph, “Constructing an Atrocities Regime:The Politics of War CrimesTribunals,” International Organization 55, no. 3 (2001). 6. Roht-Arriaza, “The Role of International Actors in National Accountability Processes,” 42–43. 7. Menno T. Kamminga, “Lessons Learned from the Exercise of Universal Jurisdiction in Respect of Gross Human Rights Offenses,” Human Rights Quarterly 23 (2001): 941. 8. Ibid., 943. 9. Ibid., 945. 10. Richard J. Wilson, “Prosecuting Pinochet: International Crimes in Spanish Domestic Law,” Human Rights Quarterly 21, no. 4 (1999). 11. UNSC, “The Rule of Law and Transitional Justice in Conflict and PostCon flict Societies” (United Nations Security Council, 2004), 4. 12. ICTJ, “What Is Transitional Justice?” International Center for Transitional Justice, http://www.ictj.org/en/tj/. 13. Jon Elster, Closing the Books: Transitional Justice in Historical Perspective (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004), 1. 14. Ruti G. Teitel, “Transitional Justice Genealogy,” Harvard Human Rights Journal 16 (2003): 69. 15. Neil J. Kritz, “Coming to Terms with Atrocities: A Review of Accountability Mechanisms for Mass Violations of Human Rights,” Law and Contemporary Problems 59, no. 4 (1996); Stephan Landsman, “Alternative Responses to Serious Human Rights Abuses: Of Prosecution and Truth Commission,” Law and Contemporary Problems 59, no. 4 (1996). 16. David Bloomfield, Teresa Barnes, and Luc Huyse, Reconciliation after Violent Conflict: A Handbook (Stockholm: International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 2003), 127; Lyn Graybill, “To Punish or Pardon: A Comparison of the International CriminalTribunal for Rwanda and the South AfricanTruth and Reconciliation Commission,” Human Rights Review 2, no. 4 (1999); Peter R. Baehr, “Controversies in the Current International Human Rights Debate,” Human Rights Review 2, no. 1 (2000): 20; Audrey R. Chapman and Patrick Ball, “TheTruth of Truth Commissions: Comparative Lessons from Haiti, South Africa, and Guatemala ,” Human Rights Quarterly 23 (2001). Notes to Pages 3–5 | 229 17. Brian Grodsky, “Justice without Transition: Truth Commissions in the Context of Repressive Rule,” Human Rights Review 9, no. 3 (2008); Priscilla B. Hayner , “Fifteen Truth Commissions, 1974 to 1994: A Comparative Study,” Human Rights Quarterly 16, no. 4 (1994): 608. 18. Stephen B. Cornell and Joseph B. Kalt, “Successful Economic Development and the Heterogeneity of Governmental Form on American Indian Reservations ,” in Getting Good Government: Capacity-Building in the Public Sectors of Developing Countries, ed. Merilee Grindle (Cambridge, Mass.: HIID/Harvard University Press, 1997); Gary W. Cox and Mathew D. McCubbins, “Political Structure and Economic Policy: The Institutional Determinants of Policy Outcomes,” in Presidents, Parliaments, and Policy, ed. Stephan Haggard and Mathew D. McCubbins (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001); Kathryn Stoner-Weiss, Local Heroes: The Political Economy of Russian Regional Governance (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997). 19. Graham Allison, “Conceptual Models and the Cuban Missile Crisis,” American Political Science Review 63, no. 3 (1969), 711. CHAPTER 1 Explaining Justice 1. Stephen A. Garret...