Herman Dooyeweerd: Christian Philosopher of State and Civil Society

Notes

Notes Unless otherwise indicated, translations from Dutch sources are my own. Introduction 1. Several publications proceeded from conferences held on the centenary of Kuyper’s Stone Lectures at Princeton Seminary, delivered in 1898. See, e.g., Luis E. Lugo, ed., Religion and Pluralism in Public Life: Abraham Kuyper’s Legacy for the Twenty-first Century (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000); Markets and Morality , vol. 5, no. 1 (2002); Cornelius Van der Kooi and Jan de Bruijn, eds., Kuyper Reconsidered: Aspects of His Life and Work (Amsterdam: VU Uitgeverij, 1999). Two other significant works appeared in the same year: Peter Heslam, Creating a Christian Worldview: Abraham Kuyper’s Lectures on Calvinism (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans; Carlisle: Paternoster, 1998); James Bratt, ed., Abraham Kuyper: A Centennial Reader (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998). Kuyper’s 1898 lectures were published as Lectures on Calvinism (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans , 1931). The Abraham Kuyper Center for Public Theology was established at Princeton Seminary in 2002 under the leadership of Max Stackhouse. 2. Calvinism is cited as a fruitful source of pluralist thinking by William Galston in The Practice of Liberal Pluralism (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 23. 3. Many of Dooyeweerd’s works have been translated (or republished when already translated) as The Collected Works of Herman Dooyeweerd, for many years a project of the Dooyeweerd Centre for Christian Philosophy based at Redeemer University College in Ontario (www2.redeemer.ca/dooyeweerd) and published by the Edwin Mellen Press. 4. See, e.g., C. T. McIntire, “Herman Dooyewerd in North America,” in Reformed Theology in America, ed. David F. Wells (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1985), 172–185. 321 322 notes to Pages 4–7 5. By this I mean an affirmation of a plurality of original sources of law among many social institutions, not the system whereby various religious communities in a multireligious state have jurisdiction over certain spheres of personal law. One. Christianity, Civil Society, and Pluralism 1. It may be doubted whether what “recurred” here was the same question . Many argue that the concept of civil society is essentially modern and that applying it to premodern societies is anachronistic. I address this question in chapters 5 and 11. This chapler adapts material from Jonathan Chaplin, “Civil Society and the State: A Neo-Calvinist Perspective,” in Christianity and Civil Society: Catholic and Neo-Calvinist Perspectives, ed. Jeanne Heffernan Schindler (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2008), 67–96. 2. Oliver O’Donovan, The Desire of the Nations: Rediscovering the Roots of Political Theology (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 193. 3. See John Witte, Jr., The Reformation of Rights: Law, Religion and Human Rights in Early Modern Calvinism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007). 4. Brian Tierney, Religion, Law and the Growth of Constitutional Thought, 1150–1650 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982). 5. Kuyper offered an enthusiastic (indeed hagiographical) statement of exactly this line of thought in both his first Stone Lecture (chapter 1 of Lectures on Calvinism [Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1931]) and his 1874 speech, “Calvinism: Source and Stronghold of our Constitutional Liberties,” in Abraham Kuyper: A Centennial Reader, ed. James Bratt (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998), 279–322. For a more reliable analysis of the sources, see Witte, The Reformation of Rights. 6. See R. H. Tawney, Religion and the Rise of Capitalism (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1926). 7. Subsections in this introduction allude to P. B. Evans et al., Bringing the State Back In (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985). 8. Don E. Eberly, ed., The Essential Civil Society Reader: Classic Essays in the American Civil Society Debate (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2000). Contributors include Robert Nisbet, Alan Wolfe, Robert Bellah, Gertrude Himmelfarb, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Amitai Etzioni, Peter Berger, Richard Neuhaus, James Q. Wilson, Francis Fukuyama, Michael Sandel, Mary Ann Glendon, and William Galston. Robert K. Fullwinder, ed., Civil Society, Democracy , and Civic Renewal (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 1999), is another representative work in this genre. See also Christopher Wolfe, ed., The notes to Pages 8–9 323 Family, Civil Society, and the State (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 1998). 9. See Jean L. Cohen and Andrew Arato, Civil Society and Political Theory (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992), the first part of which contains a comprehensive survey of European and Latin American developments up to the early 1990s; John Keane, ed., Civil Society and the State: New European Perspectives (London: Verso, 1988). For other European-oriented assessments, see John A. Hall, ed., Civil Society: Theory, History, Comparison (Cambridge: Polity, 1995...