The Xaripu Community across Borders

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Front Matter

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Contents

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pp. vii-viii

Acknowledgments

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pp. ix-x

I want to recognize the people who made the completion of this book possible. Alfredo Mirand� spent enormous amounts of time providing me feedback and mentorship throughout my dissertation work. Edna Bonacich, Scott Coltrane, Devra Weber, and Michael Kearney were also very helpful with their expertise, feedback, and encouragement. I benefited tremendously by the continuous academic and personal ...

1 Introduction: Labor Migration, Community, and Family across Borders

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pp. 1-26

On December 16, 2005, the House of Representatives passed House Resolution 4437, which threatened to further militarize the southern border and criminalize as felons undocumented immigrants and those assisting them in any way (Nevins 2002, 61–62, 68–69, 74, 78). Like Martin Luther King a generation ago, the Roman Catholic cardinal Roger Mahony instructed his priests to disobey HR 4437 if it became ...

2 Theoretical Perspectives on Labor Migration

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pp. 27-62

Why did Xaripus begin to leave Mexico and come to el norte when they did? Why did they take almost two-thirds of a century after the first pioneering migrants to settle on a more permanent basis in the United States? Why do later generations maintain active and meaningful social ties with the homeland?² And what changes have these Xaripus experienced by living in between different social worlds? This chapter addresses these basic questions by reviewing three major theoretical ...

3 A Social-Historical Context of Xaripu’s Land Displacement and Labor Migration Experience

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pp. 63-98

Xaripu, my ancestral pueblo, has changed tremendously over the centuries: from a Purépecha center to a “Mexican” pueblo. My grandfather Elias, during one of our last visits before he passed away in October 1991, told me, Mi abuela era...

4 The Logic of Colonialism in Modern Labor Relations

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pp. 99-144

For two-thirds of the twentieth century Xaripus were recruited as colonial labor to the United States.¹ After the Bracero Program ended in the mid-1960s, they continued to labor under colonial conditions in the agricultural fields, where they remained highly exploited, underpaid, and without access to labor rights.² In spite of their residential status and semipermanent settlement in the United States, retiradas/os and mayores ...

5 Haciendo Comunidad across Borders

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pp. 145-181

Xaripu norte�as/os have crossed national borders for over a century, and their concept of home has correspondingly changed over time. For the first two-thirds of the twentieth century, most Xaripus considered Michoac�n their home and the United States a place to go temporarily for work. In the latter part of the twentieth century, the concept of having a home base in both nation-states ...

6 The Family across Borders

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pp. 183-212

This chapter explores the gaps in perception and practice of gender equality across borders and addresses the question: What contributes to the perception, as articulated by Rita above, that men are more machista in Mexico and women more liberal in the United States? To frame this exploration, I first review and assess the dominant scholarly view on the ...

7 A Pueblo’s Search for Empowerment across Borders

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pp. 213-222

In the twenty-first century, Indo American people, including Mexican- origin, are the nation’s fastest growing population—from 6.4 percent in 1980 to 15.1 percent in 2008 (US Bureau of the Census 2008a)¹—and are among the poorest and most socially marginalized racial/ ethnic groups in the United States (Almaguer 1994, 212).² In the context of globalization ...

Appendix

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pp. 223-232

Notes

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pp. 233-275

Works Cited

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pp. 277-308

index

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pp. 309-323