Changing Lanes: Visions and Histories of Urban Freeways

Index

Index ABC program, 104–105 Abend, Norman A., 119 Adams, Brock, 190, 191, 198 Agnew, Spiro, 148 Akron, Ohio, Inner Belt Freeway, 227 Alaskan Way, 164 Aldrich, Lloyd, 81 Alexander, Christopher, 139t Altshuler, Alan, 74 American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO), 6, 14, 75, 120, 125 American Institute of Architects, 127–128 critique of city planning as a profession , 126 and defense of highway builders’ record , 125 A Policy on Arterial Highways in Urban Areas, 108, 109f, 110 questioning motives and competence of non-engineers, 125–126 American Society of Civil Engineers, 6 Andersen, Steve, 203 Andrews, W. Earle Detroit Expressway and Transit System (1945), 89f Selected Measures for the Partial Relief of Traffic Congestion in New York City (1946), 87f Appleyard, Donald, 139t. See also The View from the Road “Architect and the Planner, The,” 139t. See also Blessing, Charles A. Architects, 7, 8, 10, 73, 98 professional world views, 8, 10, 126 relations with other professions, 118, 218 Arroyo Seco Freeway (Pasadena Freeway ), 1, 23, 45, 145, 201 Atlanta, Georgia, 7f Augur, Tracy B. Cincinnati Metropolitan Master Plan and the Official City Plan of the City of Cincinnati (1948), 86f suitability of various urban patterns, 102 Autobahn, 46, 84 Automobile Club of Southern California , 32 Traffic Survey, 32, 34f, 35f Automotive Industries, 2 Baker, Howard, 191 Baldock, R. H., freeway traffic generation , 78 Baltimore, Maryland, 58, 59f, 147–148 “10-D Plan,” 148–151 Agnew, Spiro, 148 Boyd, Alan, 148 east–west expressway/10-D east– west expressway plan, 147, 148 Eney, Robert L., 150 Giguere, Andrew, 149 “Highway in the Ditch,” 150 “Highway to Nowhere,” 150, 226 “Interstate Zero,” 150 348 Index Jones Falls Expressway, 227 McKeldin, Mayor, 149 Movement Against Destruction (MAD), 149–150 planning decisions, 147–151 Relocation Action Movement (RAM), 148–150 Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, 151 Society for the Preservation of Federal Hill and Fells Point, 149, 150 Southeast Council Against the Road (SCAR), 149 urban design concept team, 117f, 124 Volunteers Opposed to Leakin Park Expressway (VOLPE), 149 Wechsler, Stuart, 148 Barnett, Joseph, 76–78 city planning profession, 77 disagreement among engineering community, 78 engineers as city planners, 77 “Express Highway Planning in Metropolitan Areas,” 76–78, 135t fifteen principles for freeway design, 77 Sagamore Conference, 112 “triple function” of freeways, 77–78 urban congestion problems, 76 urban route placement, 77 Bartholomew, Harland, 12, 13, 28, 66, 67 Baskerville, Walter G., Sr., 120 Bauer, Catherine, 114–115. See also Wurster, Catherine Bauer Bel Geddes, Norman, 37, 58, 70. See also Magic Motorways Futurama, 46–53, 134t Magic Motorways, 46–53, 134t Beverly Hills Freeway, 193 Black United Front, 130 Blessing, Charles A. rendering of proposed Central Artery from Surging Cities (1948), 91f “Architect and the Planner, The,” 139t Blucher, Walter, 83, 99 freeways’ inability to solve traffic problems, 83 Booker, Reginald comments during congressional hearings on H.R. 16000, 131–132 Emergency Committee on the Transportation Crisis, 131 Boston, Massachusetts, 151–154. See also Central Artery aerial view of proposed Boston highway system, 90f Boston Transportation Planning Review (BTPR), 154 Inner Belt Expressway (Beltway), 151–152, 154 Longfellow Bridge Interchange, 91f Massachusetts governor’s decision to drop Inner Belt and Route 2 extensions , 141t O’Neill, Representative Thomas (Tip), 153 proposed highway system, 90f rendering of proposed Central Artery , 91f Report on a Thoroughfare Plan for Boston, 29, 30f, 133t Route 128, 154 Sargent, Governor Francis W., 153 Salvucci, Fred, 152 Southeast Expressway, 152 Southwest Expressway, 152, 153 Volpe, John A., 153 White, Mayor Kevin, 153, 154 Boyce, Ronald R., 138t. See also Studies of the Central Business District and Urban Freeway Development Boyd, Alan, 131, 148, 184 Bradley, Tom, 197 Bragdon, General John S., 110, 138t Bridwell, Lowell K., 116, 140t, 184 Brinegar, Claude S, 189 Broadacre City, 34, 133t. See also Wright, Frank Lloyd Brown, Governor Jerry, 195, 197, 198 Buchart-Horn, 184 Buffalo, New York, Route 5, 227 Index 349 Bureau of Public Roads, 6, 14, 43, 46, 53, 55–56, 58, 74, 101, 104, 152, 182 See also Toll Roads and Free Roads approval of I-40 route through Overton Park, 182 cooperation with municipal officials, 24 role in urban freeway planning, 24 Burnham, Daniel, 11, 12 Buttenheim, Harold S., 28 Cabaret, Marilyn, 195 California Division of Highways, 1 California Environmental Quality Act, 129 California Freeway and Expressway System, 1, 191 California Highway Department. See Caltrans Caltrans, 146, 194, 196, 206, 223 Caro, Robert, 38...