Cultivating Food Justice: Race, Class, and Sustainability

Index

Index Access to Affordable and Nutritious Food: Measuring and Understanding Food Deserts and Their Consequences (USDA), 151 Acorns, 23–24, 29, 38 Adam, K., 245 African Americans, 7, 11 alternative food and, 265, 269–277, 333 Black Nationalist religions and, 177–194 Colored Farmers Alliance and Cooperative Union and, 57 farming and, 8, 13, 47–60 immigrants and, 70, 96 Oakland, California, and, 96–99, 107 racialized consciousness and, 224–225, 234 resentment toward farm work, 273, 333 toxic exposure and, 28 vegans and, 225 Agribusiness California and, 74, 81, 122–125, 134–138 dominance of, 4–7, 12–13, 331, 333, 338–343 environmental justice and, 198, 217 food security and, 313, 316 marginalization of workers and, 5 Nation of Islam (NOI) and, 181 socially destructive nature of, 12–13 sustainability and, 159 Agricultural Labor Relations Act (ALRA), 135 Agriculture accumulation and, 123, 134 acorns and, 23–24, 29, 38 Alien Land Laws and, 66–67, 70–73, 81 American South and, 47–60 Asian immigrants and, 65–83 bargaining power and, 136 beans and, 173n13, 207, 333 Beulah Land Farms and, 177, 179, 183–184, 188–191, 193–194 beyond market-driven strategies and, 340–343 black farmers and, 47–60 Black Nationalist religions and, 177–194 Bracero Program and, 136–137 California’s farmworkers and, 121–142 Chinese and, 66–72, 74, 80, 134, 136–137 Colored Farmers Alliance and Cooperative Union and, 57 community-based cooperatives (CBCs) and, 57–60 community supported agriculture (CSA), 112, 116n21, 151, 200, 240, 251–253, 264–265, 268–270, 324 competition and, 134 corn and, 1, 56, 138, 207, 209, 213, 248, 333 cotton and, 52, 55–56, 96 352 Index Agriculture (cont.) declining wages in, 124 Dust Bowl era and, 55, 136 family farms and, 2 (see also Family farms) farm scale and, 49–50 fertilizers and, 1–2, 9, 124, 311–312, 317 greenhouse gases and, 315, 318 Green Revolution and, 311, 314–317, 326, 328n2 Hmong farmers and, 13, 65–68, 73–82, 83nn12–15, 83n17, 105, 160–165 increased sales of, 124 indigenous farming traditions and, 162–164 industrial, 1–4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 59, 169, 291, 294, 314–315, 331–334, 341, 344–345 insecticides and, 181 Japanese and, 13, 66–68, 70–74, 80, 82n4, 134–137 labor time and, 124, 134 literature on, 47–48, 125–126 maize and, 207, 309, 311, 315 mechanized, 1, 124, 311 minimum wage and, 140n3, 141n12 Muhammad Farms and, 177, 181, 184, 187–188, 190, 193–194 National Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS) and, 123, 128, 131, 141n7 neoliberal trade policy and, 137–139 Oakland, California, and, 103, 112 othering and, 135–137 pesticides and, 1–2, 7, 9, 79, 83n13, 123–124, 181, 185, 271, 294–295, 311 Pigford v. Glickman and, 56–57, 59, 342 place for workers and, 338–340 planters and, 52 processed goods and, 1–3, 108, 112, 149, 213, 317, 328n1, 341 production time and, 124, 134 Puget Sound urban farmers and, 211–215 racial formation and, 66 rice and, 309, 311 rural livelihoods and, 47–60 Second National People of Color Environmental Justice Summit and, 9 seeds and, 333 (see also Seeds) sharecropping and, 13, 48–53, 57–60, 188, 344 small farms and, 2, 51, 56–59, 66, 71, 75–76, 79, 83n17, 122, 125, 127, 138–139, 164, 170, 240, 244, 333, 340, 343 South Central Farm (SCF) and, 205–211, 214, 216, 336, 341–342 soybeans and, 56 squash and, 207, 251, 333 subsidies and, 108, 113, 126, 136, 138, 141n11, 202, 263, 271, 274, 302, 311–317, 325, 340–341 tenant farming and, 52–54, 58, 71 USDA and, 8 (see also U.S. Department of Agriculture) Via Campesina and, 8, 126, 203–204, 216, 318, 324, 327 wheat and, 309, 311 workers’ compensation insurance and, 65, 77–79 Agripreneur Training Center, 168 Agyeman, Julian, 1–20, 241–242, 300, 331–345 Ahimsa principle, 222 Ahmed, Sara, 230 Ahold, 316 Albertson’s, 316 Albrecht, Don E., 51 Alcohol, 296 Alien Land Laws, 66–67, 70–73, 81 Alkon, Alison Hope, 1–20, 239, 243, 274, 300, 331–345 Allah, 181 Allen, Barbara, 7 Allen, Erika, 155–157 Allen, Patricia alternative food and, 263–265, 268 Index 353 Black Nationalist religions and, 192 environmental justice and, 199–200 farmworker food insecurity and, 125–126, 129–130 localist politics and, 294, 296, 300 northeastern United States...