The Psychophysiology of Sex

Index

Index affect dimensional approaches to, 199 premature ejaculation and, 232–235 sexual dysfunction and, 150–153, 159 amygdala, emotional responses and, 173–174 See also mood; emotion anxiety de¤nitions of, 146 individual differences in effects on sexual response, 205 sexual stimuli and, 143 sexual dysfunction and, 145, 155 apomorphine, 24–25, 392–393 Aristotle, 363 attention allocation of, 191 sexual arousal and, 440 source monitoring and, 186 types of, 193 See also sexual arousal; sexual dysfunction attitudes erotophilia-erotophobia, 197, 349 Implicit Attitudes Test, 445–446 attributions manipulation of, 149 questionnaire measure of, 150 Bancroft, John, 57–60, 313, 317, 366, 369, 371, 372, 431, 500 on dual control model, 59, 156, 160, 223, 346–347 (See also dual control model) on prolactin, 138 on sexual inhibition, 190–191 on measurement of erection, 502 on mood and sexuality, 254–255 on psychosomatic circle of sex, 351 on puberty and genital responsiveness, 308 on stimulus speci¤city vs. novelty, 253 Barlow, David, 189, 320 on attention, 193, 197–198 on schema, 160, 187 on working model of sexual dysfunction, 143–144, 155, 156–158, 189–199 Beach, Frank, 304, 319, 329 Blanchard, Ray, 321, 503 Both, Stephanie, 69–70, 73, 76 brain and mind, 3 sexual arousal and, 62 amygdala, 19 anterior cingulated gyri, 16 basal ganglia, 17 caudate nuclei, 17 claustrum, 19 hypothalamus, 19 inferior parietal lobule, 16 insula, 18, 61–63 occipitotemporal cortex, 11 orbitofrontal cortex, 11–13 putamen, 18 speci¤city of sexual emotions and, 62–63 superior parietal lobule, 14–15 temporal areas, deactivation of 19 ventral premotor area, 16 brain imaging functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 133–134 de¤nition of, 5 ejaculation and, 20–21 emotion and, 330 paradigms, 10 pedophilia and, 24 problems and limitations in, 28–30 sexual arousal and. See brain sexual motivation and, 59 sexual response and, 223–225 spinal cord injury and, 429 studies in men, 6–24 519 stimuli and, 10, 61–62 positron emission tomography (PET) Brotto, Lori, 374–375 central nervous system. See brain; brain imaging Chivers, Meredith, 318, 497–498, 502–504 on response suppression, 321 on sex drive, 497 clitoris anatomy of, 41 blood ®ow and, 39 electromyography and, 42 menopause and, 112–115 volume and, 111–116 clomipramine ejaculation and, 234 cognitive processes. See attention; memory; sexual arousal condordance between genital and subjective responses, 193–195, 315–317 automatic and controlled processes, 447–448 drug studies and, 383, 405 genital feedback and, 279, 281 general arousal and, 57 implicit and explicit memory, 177–178 individual differences and, 314 learning and attention and, 281 low vs. high responders and, 211–214 masturbation frequency and, 281 measurement artifacts and, 279 orgasm and, 317 outliers and, 139 pelvic MRI versus VPA, 121–122 response patterns versus levels, 194–195 sexual orientation and, 461–464 social desirability and, 282 transsexuality and, 278 vibrotactile stimulation and, 282 within-versus between-subjects correlations , 315–316 conditioning biological preparedness and, 263 classical, 261, 266–268 contingency awareness and, 263–265 dual control model and, 265 evaluative, 267 gender differences in, 263, 265 in humans, 262–264 individual differences, 265–266, 314 in nonhuman animals, 262 olfactory cues, 266 operant, 261 orbitofrontal cortex and, 314 phobias and, 267 taste aversion, 267 underlying mechanisms and, 266–269 correlations. See concordance Davidson, Julian, 63 disabilities and sexual functioning, 410–412 discordance. See concordance dopamine, 328, 334–336, 355 and prolactin, 91–96, 138–139 See also sexual dysfunction; spinal cord injuries dual control model of sexual response, 59, 156, 160, 223–226, 346–347, 450 affect and, 199 broader context and assumptions, 199–201 dimensions and approaches, 199 mood and, 205–206 sexual dysfunction and, 202–204 sexual risk-taking and, 206–207, 209–216 trait measure and (See sexual inhibition and excitation scales [SIS/SES]) See also sexual inhibition; sexual excitation dyspareunia attention and, 191 ecological validity laboratory methods, 124 ecstasy (methylenedioxymethampethamine) prolactin and, 95 ejaculatory response cognitive and behavioral control strategies , 293–294 de¤nition of, 227 disorders, 227–230 (See also premature ejaculation; inhibited ejaculation) neurotransmitters and, 229 perceived control of, 293, 295 spinal re®ex and, 229 variation in thresholds, 227 electroencephalography (EEG) and sexual orientation, 467–468 emotion fMRI studies and, 330 motivation and, 330 neurobiology and, 333–335 unconscious processes and, 168–169, 173 520 l Index See also affect; sexual arousal; sexual motivation endocrine responses measurement of, 84–85 erectile dysfunction. See sexual dysfunction...