Dying in the Law of Moses: Crypto-Jewish Martyrdom in the Iberian World

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MIRIAM BODIAN Dying in the Lawof Moses Crypto-Jewish Martyrdom in the IberianWorld DYING IN THE LAW OF MOSES The Modern Jewish Experience Paula Hyman and Deborah Dash Moore, editors DYING IN THE LAW OF MOSES CRYPTO-JEWISH MARTYRDOM IN THE IBERIAN WORLD Miriam Bodian INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS Bloomington and Indianapolis Excerpt from OPEN CLOSED OPEN, copyright ∫ ≤≠≠≠ by Yehuda Amichai, English translation copyright ∫ ≤≠≠≠ by Chana Bloch and Chana Kronfeld, reprinted by permission of Harcourt, Inc. This book is a publication of Indiana University Press ∏≠∞ North Morton Street Bloomington, IN ∂π∂≠∂-≥πΩπ USA http://iupress.indiana.edu Telephone orders ∫≠≠-∫∂≤-∏πΩ∏ Fax orders ∫∞≤-∫∑∑-πΩ≥∞ Orders by e-mail iuporder@indiana.edu ∫ ≤≠≠π by Miriam Bodian All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The Association of American University Presses’ Resolution on Permissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z≥Ω.∂∫-∞Ω∫∂. Manufactured in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bodian, Miriam, date Dying in the law of Moses : crypto-Jewish martyrdom in the Iberian world / Miriam Bodian. p. cm. — (The modern Jewish experience) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN Ωπ∫-≠-≤∑≥-≥∂∫∏∞-∏ (cloth : alk. paper) ∞. Marranos—Latin America—Biography. ≤. Marranos—Spain—Biography. ≥. Marranos—Portugal— Biography. ∂. Jews—Persecutions—Latin America—History—∞∏th century. ∑. Jews—Persecutions— Latin America—History—∞πth century. ∏. Jews—Persecutions—Spain—History—∞∏th century. π. Jews—Persecutions—Spain—History—∞πth century. ∫. Jews—Persecutions—Portugal—History— ∞∏th century. Ω. Jews—Persecutions—Portugal—History—∞πth century. I. Title. F∞∂∞Ω.J∂B∏≥ ≤≠≠π ≤Ω∏.∫%≤—dc≤≤ ≤≠≠π≠≠≠∏≥∞ ∞ ≤ ≥ ∂ ∑ ∞≤ ∞∞ ∞≠ ≠Ω ≠∫ ≠π Here it is the roots that are seeking. They burst from the ground, overturn gravestones, and clasp the broken fragments in search of names and dates, in search of what was and will never be again. —Yehuda Amichai, ‘‘And Who Will Remember the Rememberers?’’ ...