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269 Abayudaya of Uganda (African Jews), 69, 86 abolitionist movement, 220 Abraham, 67, 73, 76, 161 Abyssinian, 48 academic achievement gap, 119, 121, 122 activism, Jewish, 105–137; progressive, 111; racism and, 122 activists, 135, 165 Adam, 142 Adio Kerida (film), 69, 82 adoption, 9; intermarriage, 18; Jews and, 18, 101, 184; lesbian couples, 102; transnational, 101; transracial, 18, 102, 133; Yemeni babies and Ashkenazim, 101 Adorno, Theodor, 216 Afghanistan, 154; Jewish communities in, 69; U.S. war with, 200, 218 Africa, 39, 179; black Jewish congregations in, 46; Jews and, 159. See also African Jews African American communities, 112, 113; Christian, 140; Jewish women’s agenda and, 63; Muslim, 140; nationalism and, 61; racial and economic justice, 62 African American culture, 49; gender and, 61 African American Jewish Alliance (Chicago), 44 African American Jews, 2, 4, 9, 10, 27, 162, 180, 187, 190; Chicago and, 117, 135; Commandment Keepers, 59; community acceptance and, 170; connection to other Jews, 45; Sammy Davis, Jr., 36; Arnold Ford, 47; Aaron Freeman, 117; Rabbi Capers Funnye, 38–40, 117; Dr. Lily Golden, 117; gospel music and, 123; Lani Guinier, 63; Carolivia Herron, 47; identity issues and, 141; James McBride, 46; Yavilah McCoy, 27, 37–38; numbers of, 44, 100; Orthodox, 123; popular imagination and, 36; rabbis and, 117; Gary and Diane Tobin, 173; Rebecca Walker, 44; Robin Washington, 44, 139 African American–Jewish collaboration , 51, 56, 60; black and Jewish caucuses in Congress and, 58; black nationalists and, 58; Brooklyn Women’s Coalition, 56; Civil Rights movement of early 60s, 57; on college campuses, 62; Communist Party, 57–60; defense of Scottsboro “boys,” 57; election of Ben Davis to New York City Council, 57; election of first black mayor in Chicago, 53; Freedom Riders, 57; gender roles and, 61, 62; Jewish nationalists and, 58; Jewish protests of police shooting of Amadou Diallo, 57; Jews for Racial and Economic Justice, 57; Dr. Martin Luther King and Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel, 61; Mississippi Freedom Summer volunteers, 57; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 57–60; Pittsburgh Courier, 57; social justice issues, and, 58; solidarity, 57–60 African American–Jewish conflict, 24, 33–37, 51–52, 65, 224–225; 1960s and, 52; alliance, 56; class struggle and, 56; Crown Heights and, 53, Index 270 56; Freddy’s Records and, 55–56; hyperemphasis on, 56; Israeli/ Palestinian conflict and, 52; Cynthia McKinney and, 53; media treatment of, 34, 49–57, 63; Ocean Hill-Brownsville and, 52, 56; role of women and, 62, 63; Andrew Young and, 53 African American–Jewish relations, 33–65, 141, 190, 216, 225; antisemitism , 180; civil rights activism and, 33, 35, 45; as dichotomy, 36, 98, 182, 186; exodus, 47–49; feminism and, 60–64; labor movement and, 33, 51; mythology about, 35; nationalism and, 60– 65; New York City as center of interaction, 52; politics and, 51; proximity and, 34; solidarity, 57– 59; “special relationship,” 33 African Americans, 9, 24, 50, 56, 89, 163; anti-semitism and, 35; Christianity and, 39; Commandment Keepers, 59; crime and urban violence, 56; homeless, 17–18; House of Israel and, 47; Jews and, 32, 35, 47, 49, 51, 65; labor organizations and, 51; Muslims and, 31; poverty and, 56; stereotypes and, 20–21, 56 African Jews, 86–87, 103, 179; African Judaism, 39, 176; pre-Talmudic Torah-based Judaism, 86; priestly Judaism and, 173; rabbinic Judaism and, 86. See also individual countries African National Congress, 19, 215, 216 African Studies, 141, 173, 179 Africans: Hebraic stock, 39 (see also African Jews); slavery and, 7, 39 Afro-American Museum (L.A.), 156 Afro-Brazilians, 221 Afrocentrism, 52, 61, 179 Afro-Cubans, 10 Afro-Hebrew people, 175 Afro-Jewish Diasporic Communities, 175 Afro-Jewish Studies Center/Temple University (Philadelphia), 139 Afro-Jews, 175. See also African Jews After Jews and Arabs (Alcalay), 96 AIPAC, 155 Alcalay, Ammiel, 80, 83, 88, 92, 95, 150, 154; After Jews and Arabs, 75, 77; multilingual family, 80 Alcosser, Edward, 91 Aleykhem, Sholem, 88; Fiddler on the Roof, 88; Tevye stories, 88 aliyah, 76, 77, 79, 175, 195 Allah (word for God for Arabicspeaking Jews), 98 Alliance Israélite Universelle, 83 Almohade Berbers, 81 Alpert, Rebecca, 177 Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America, 51 American Breeders Magazine, 16 American Jewish Committee, 132, 187 American Jews, 99–104, 105, 207, 209, 212, 224; anti-Arab racism and, 209; Ashkenazim and, 89, 91, 136; Israel/Palestine, 207, 209, 212; Jews in Arab countries and, 153; Jews of color and, 37–38; nonAshkenazi , 91; queer...

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