Clothing Gandhi's Nation: Homespun and Modern India

INDEX

index Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations. Advertisements. See printed publicity /ads All-India Khaddar Board: Akila Khadi Vidyalaya, 14–15; budget of, 162n28; Congress Working Committee and, 12–13; disbanding of, 28–29; founding of, 11; funding by, 13–14, 25; homespun vs. manufactured goods, 22; khadi sales by, 20–21, 22, 162n37; minutes of, 162n29; production department, 18, 20; publicity efforts, 20, 21; sales department, 20–21; successes and failures, 22–23; swadeshi promotion by, 2; Technical Instruction, Department of (see AllIndia Khaddar Board, Akila Khadi Vidyalaya); testing and certification of goods, 20; training efforts, 14–15 All-India Spinners’ Association: founding of, 12, 28; funding by, 31, 163–164n59; funding of, 31–34, 67, 163n58, 164n66; khadi, supply and distribution of, 30–31; khadi cost figures of, 162n40, 163n58; publicity efforts (print), 27, 43–51, 65, 166n26, 167n29; publicity efforts (rural), 41–42, 62, 65 (see also khadi exhibitions; magic lantern slide shows); sales and employment statistics, 28, 65, 163n52; strategic changes from All-India Khaddar Board, 28–34, 163n56; successes of, 37, 163n58; swadeshi promotion by, 2 Amin, Shahid, 158n24, 164n68, 167n29 Amrita Bazar Patrika, 12, 161n25 Amritsar massacre. See Jallianwallah Bagh massacre Anderson, Benedict, xxi, 15, 17, 49, 158n12, 172–173n50. See also nation /community, imagining Andrews, C. F., 23 Asoka chakra. See under flag, Indian Republic Bajaj, Jamnalal, 22, 24, 25, 163n58 Bayly, Christopher, xvii, 47, 121 Bengal, partitioning of, 3–4, 159n2 Bengal swadeshi movement (1903– 1908): causes of, 3; constructivism in, 4, 5; influence on Gandhi’s swadeshi movement, 2, 5; Lokamanya Tilak in, 164n64 Benn, William Wedgwood, 123 Bharatiya Janata Party, 148 Bharatmata (Mother India), 44, 45, 47, 48, 51, 52, 104. See also women, as symbols of the nation Birla, G. D., 23, 32 Blackburn, Stuart, xxiii the body: pre-colonial, colonial, and national, 67–68, 69, 72. See also 198 index cloth and clothing, identity and; khadi, transformation of Indian bodies and Bombay Chronicle, 102, 109, 162n40 Bombay Swadeshi League, 10, 34, 35, 51, 52, 53 Bourdieu, Pierre, 120–121. See also imperial habitus; national habitus British East India Company. See East India Company British government in India. See colonial rule; Home Department; municipal boards, support for khadi by; provincial governments British India, defined, 165n6 British industrial exhibitions. See industrial exhibitions, British Brockway, Archibald, 123, 146 calendar. See nationalist holidays; nationalist rituals Calico Textile Mills, 10, 34, 35 Cama, Madame Bhikaiji R., 104, 105 Census, local identities and, 172n42 charka: defined, 8; flag (see flag, khadi charka); improvements to, 30, 163n55; as nationalist symbol, 102, 105, 106, 181n3 charka flag. See flag, khadi charka Chatterjee, Partha, 84, 171n33 Chatterji, S. B., 135 Chaudhuri, Nirad, xix, 83 citizen-subject. See under nation/community , imagining Civil Disobedience Movement: defined, 178–179n2; mass public demonstrations in, 130–132, 143, 145 cloth and clothing: British control of, xviii–xix; identity and, 68, 80, 157–158n8; as measure of civilization , xix; men’s headgear, significance of, 17, 123–124, 127, 179n13; morality of, xviii, 83–84; social status and, 83; traditional, 73, 74; traditional symbolism of, xvii, 68; traditional women’s, 80–81, 84, 92–93 (see also women, khadi vs. traditional clothing for); wearing for political reasons (see displays of khadi); Western, xviii–xx, 76–77, 78, 79. See also khadi Clothing Gandhi’s Nation, material included in other texts, xiv Clothing Matters, xxv Cohn, Bernard, xviii, 121, 157n2 Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, xxiv–xxv, 124 colonial rule: British view of India, xviii–xix; brutality of, publicizing, 107–108; durbars, Mughal and British, 121; Home Department (see Home Department); language, use to strengthen, 157n2; municipal boards (see municipal boards); provincial governments (see provincial governments) Communist Party, use of khadi by, 145 community, imagining. See nation/ community, imagining Constituent Assembly of India, 151 constructivism, 4, 5, 7 consumerism, 70, 71 consumption: as an active social process , xxiv, 69, 90; morality of, 9, 46, 70; as swaraj and nationalism, 35, 41, 46–47, 61, 65, 66, 72 cotton, preparation for spinning, 15, 16 Curzon, Viceroy, 159n2 dalits, inclusion in khadi production, 17, 164n61 Das, C. R., 26, 164n66 Das, C. R., Fund, 32, 34, 164n66 de Certeau, Michel, xxiv Delhi, construction of new British capitol in, 122 demonstrations, political. See displays of khadi 199 index Desai, Mahadev, 32, 33, 87, 173n54, 176n18 Devi, Urmila, 87 dharma wheel. See flag, Indian Republic , Asoka chakra displays of khadi (see also flag, khadi charka...