Gender and War in Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe

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War in Twentieth-Century Eastern Gender & This volume explores the role of gender on both the home and fighting fronts in eastern Europe during World Wars I and II. By using gender as a category of analysis, the authors seek to arrive at a more nuanced understanding of the subjective nature of wartime experience and its representations. While historians have long equated the fighting front with the masculine and the home front with the feminine, the contributors challenge these dichotomies, demonstrating that they are based on culturally embedded assumptions about heroism and sacrifice. Major themes include the ways in which wartime experiences challenge traditional gender roles, postwar restoration of gender order, collaboration and resistance, the body, and memory and commemoration. History | Eastern Europe Wingfield & Bucur Cover photos by Nancy M. Wingfield and Maria Bucur Indiana-Michigan Series in Russian and East European Studies Alexander Rabinowitch and William G. Rosenberg, editors NANCY M. WINGFIELD is Associate Professor of History at Northern Illinois University. She has published articles and books on the history of Habsburg Central Europe. MARIA BUCUR is Associate Professor of History and John V. Hill Chair in East European History at Indiana University. She is author of Eugenics and Modernization in Interwar Romania, as well as articles on gender, war, and memory. Eliza Ablovatski Melissa Bokovoy Maria Bucur Melissa Feinberg Benjamin Frommer Maureen Healy Katherine R. Jolluck Lisa A. Kirschenbaum Contributors Mara Lazda Alon Rachamimov Nancy M. Wingfield INDIANA http://iupress.indiana.edu 1-800-842-6796 INDIANA University Press Bloomington & Indianapolis Europe Edited by Nancy M.Wingfield and Maria Bucur Gender and War in Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe Gender and War in Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe Indiana-Michigan Series in Russian and East European Studies Alexander Rabinowitch and William G. Rosenberg, eds. edited by nancy m. wingfield and maria bucur Gender and War in Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe indiana university press Bloomington and Indianapolis This book is a publication of Indiana University Press 601 North Morton Street Bloomington, IN 47404-3797 USA http://iupress.indiana.edu Telephone orders 800-842-6796 Fax orders 812-855-7931 Orders by e-mail iuporder@indiana.edu© 2006 by Indiana University Press All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The Association of American University Presses’ Resolution on Permissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Manufactured in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gender and war in twentieth-century Eastern Europe / edited by Nancy M. Wing¤eld and Maria Bucur. p. cm. — (Indiana-Michigan series in Russian and East European studies) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-253-34731-9 (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-253-21844-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Europe, Eastern—History, Military—20th century. 2. Sex role—Europe, Eastern. I. Wing¤eld, Nancy M. (Nancy Meriwether) II. Bucur, Maria, date. IV. Title: Gender and war in 20th century Eastern Europe. Series. DJK48.5.G46 2006 940.3082′0947—dc22 2005029505 1 2 3 4 5 11 10 09 08 07 06 For Codrut, Danny, David, Dylan, and Nick ...