Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices

Appendix 2. Muslim Dynasties

Appendix 2 Muslim Dynasties The chronology of Islamic dynasties is adopted from C. E. Bosworth, The Islamic Dynasties (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1972), pp. 5, 7–8, 11, 136–137, 172, 179, 210. The First Four Caliphs Abu Bakr 632–34 "Umar I 634–44 "Uthman 644–56 "Ali 656–61 The Umayyads in Syria Mu"awiya I 661–80 Yazid I 680–83 Mu"awiya II 683–84 Marwan I 684–85 "Abd al-Malik 685–705 al-Walid I 705–15 Sulaiman 715–17 "Umar II 717–20 Yazid II 720–24 Hisham 724–43 al-Walid II 743–44 Yazid III 744 Ibrahim 744 Marwan II 744–50 continued in Spain The Ummayads in Spain "Abd ar-Rahman I 756–88 Hisham I 788–96 al-Hakam I 796–822 "Abd ar-Rahman II 822–52 Muhammad I 852–86 al-Mundhir 886–88 "Abd Allah 888–912 "Abd ar-Rahman III 912–61 al-Hakam II 961–76 Hisham II 976–1009 Civil War 1009–27 Hisham III 1027–31 The "Abbasids in Iraq Abu al-"Abbas 749–54 al-Mansur 754–75 al-Mahdi 775–85 al-Hadi 785–86 Harun ar-Rashid 786–809 al-Amin 809–13 al-Ma#mun 813–33 al-Mu"tasim 833–42 al-Wathiq 842–47 al-Mutawakkil 847–61 al-Muntasir 861–62 al-Musta"in 862–66 al-Mu"tazz 866–69 al-Muhtadi 869–70 al-Mu"tamid 870–92 al-Mu"tadid 892–902 al-Mukta¤ 902–908 al-Muqtadir 908–32 al-Qahir 932–34 ar-Radi 934–40 al-Muttaqi 940–44 al-Mustak¤ 944–46 al-Muti" 946–74 at-Ta#i" 974–91 al-Qadir 991–1031 al-Qa#im 1031–75 al-Muqtadi 1075–94 al-Mustazhir 1094–1118 al-Mustarshid 1118–35 ar-Rashid 1135–36 al-Muqta¤ 1136–40 al-Mustanjid 1160–70 al-Mustadi 1170–80 al-Nasir 1180–1225 az-Zahir 1225–26 al-Mustansir 1226–42 al-Musta"sim 1242–58 Caliphate continued in Cairo 1261–1517 134 Appendix 2 The Mughals in India Babar 1526–30 Humayun 1530–56 Akbar I 1556–1605 Jahangir 1605–27 Bakhsh 1627–28 Jihan I 1628–58 Aurangzeb I 1658–1707 Bahadur I 1707–12 Jihandar 1712 Farrukh-siyar 1712–19 Muhammad 1719–48 Ahmed 1748–54 "Alamgir II 1754–59 "Alam II 1759–1806 Akbar II 1806–37 Bahadur II 1837–58 The Safavids in Persia Isma"il I 1501–24 Tahmasp I 1524–76 Isma"il II 1576–78 Muhammad Khudabanda 1578–88 "Abbas I 1588–1629 Sa¤ I 1629–42 "Abbas II 1642–66 Sulayman 1666–94 Husayn I 1694–1722 Tahmasp II 1722–32 nominal rulers in certain parts of Persia only: "Abbas III 1732 Nadir 1736 Adil 1747 Rukh 1748 Sulayman II 1749 Isma"il III 1750 Husayn II 1753 Muhammad 1786 The Qajars in Persia Agha Muhammad 1779–97 Fath "Ali 1797–1834 Muhammad 1834–48 Nasir-ad-Din 1848–96 Appendix 2 135 Muzaffar-ad-Din 1896–1907 Muhammad "Ali 1907–1909 Ahmad 1909–25 The Ottomans in Turkey Osman I ("Uthman I) 1281–1324 Orkhan I 1324–60 Murad I 1360–89 Bayazid I 1389–1402 Muhammad I 1403–21 Sulayman I 1403–10 [contestant] Murad II 1421–51 Muhammad II 1451–81 Bayazid II 1481–1512 Selim I 1512–20 Sulayman II 1520–66 Selim II 1566–74 Murad III 1574–95 Muhammad III 1595–1603 Ahmed I 1603–17 Mustafa I 1617–18; 1622–23 Osman II 1618–22 Murad IV 1623–40 Ibrahim I 1640–48 Muhammad IV 1648–87 Sulayman III 1687–91 Ahmed II 1691–95 Mustafa II 1695–1703 Ahmed III 1703–30 Mahmud I 1730–54 Osman III 1754–57 Mustafa III 1757–74 "Abdul Hamid I 1774–89 Selim III 1789–1807 Mustafa IV 1807–1808 Mahmud II 1808–39 "Abdul Majid I 1839–61 "Abdul "Aziz 1861–76 Murad V 1876 "Abdul Hamid II 1876–1909 Muhammad V 1909–18 Muhammad VI 1918–22 "Abdul Majid II 1922–24 136 Appendix 2 ...